西安市1950—2005年斑疹伤寒流行特征及诊疗效益评价  

Epidemic Features of Ship Fever and Its Diagnosis and Treatment in Xi'an City during 1950—2005

作　　者：翟云丽[1] 宗红[1] 章绍能[1] 张社民[1] 包旭善[1] 杨海[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安市疾病预防控制中心,710054

出　　处：《职业与健康》2008年第11期1065-1068,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的回顾性评估西安地区斑疹伤寒的疫情和流行特点,为防治斑疹伤寒提供科学依据。方法采用外裴氏反应和补体结合试验联合检测进行病例诊断,采用传染病报告卡片方式报告疫情。结果西安市1950—2005年累计报告5671例,其中1950—1989年报告4791例(84.48%),死亡4例,病死率8.35%;1990—1999和2000—2005年分别报告836例(14.74%)和44例(0.78%)。除60和80年代2次地方性流行外,发病率波动在0.07/10万～1.99/10万之间,年发病数均低于80例。结论西安市各年代发病均以散发为主,属一般流行区。随着郊区开发、经济旅游业发展,人群集结移动引发的生态环境变化,使传染病远距离传播危险增加,疫源地和流动人群感染概率增高,疾控部门应该重视相关的科学宣教和疾病监控,以防暴发。[ Objective] To evaluate the epidemical condition and characteristics of typhus in Xi＇an and provide scientific evidence for the prevention work. [ Methods] Complement Fixation （CF） test and Well-Felix test were applied for the detection and case diagnosis; infectious disease report card was adopted to report the epidemic situation. [ Results ] Accumulative total of 5671 cases were reported during 1950--2005, 4791 cases of which （84.48%） were reported during 1950--1989 （4 cases died; 8.35% ） , 836 cases （ 14.74% ） during 1990--1999 and 44 cases （0.78%） during 2000--2005 ; except for two local epidemics in the 1960＇s and the 1980＇s, the morbidity ranged between 0.07/101akh and 1.99/101akh and the annual morbidity was below 80 cases. [ Conclusion ] The prevalence of typhus in Xi＇an was dispersed in all the ages; but with the development of rural areas and the population migration, distance infection of the infectious diseases is increasing and the infection rate among the floating population is also increasing; relevant education and disease surveillance should be improved in the disease control institutions.

关 键 词：斑疹伤寒 立克次氏体 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]