不同放牧强度对针茅草地春季群落的影响  

Effect of Different Grazing Intensities on Spring Community of Stipa capillata Grassland in Xinjiang

作　　者：张荣华[1] 安沙舟[1] 杨海宽[1] 李海 李军保[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业工程学院／新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆昭苏马场草原站,新疆伊犁835602

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2008年第3期570-574,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆现代化畜牧业试验与示范项目“伊犁州生态经济型高效草业、畜牧业试验研究”

摘　　要：通过在昭苏马场设置的轻度放牧（LG）、中度放牧（MG）、重度放牧（HG）和极度放牧（EG）四个水平模拟放牧的测定，对针茅草地春季群落的盖度、优势度、产量和土壤含水量的变化进行了研究。结果表明：随着放牧强度的增大，针茅草地春季群落的盖度逐渐降低；极度放牧的主要优势种是草原糙苏，重度放牧、中度放牧、轻度放牧和对照主要优势种为针茅；不同放牧强度对植物类群生物量的影响达到极显著水平（P〈0．01）；5月30日土壤表层含水量随放牧强度的增加含水量降低，6月15日放牧强度对表层0-10cm的含水量的影响差异达到极显著水平（P〈0．01），6月30日放牧强度对土壤含水量的影响差异在此时段不显著（P〉0．05）。Based on the determination of simulation grazing of four levels such as light graze （LG）, middle graze （MG）, high graze （HG） and extreme graze （EG）as the object in Zhaosu Horse Farm, the change of the coverage, SDR2, biomass and water content in soil was studied by experiment. The result showed that with grazing intensity increasing, the coverage of Stipa capillata L. community grassland was reduced. The check dominant variety of the extremely grazing is Phlomis pratensis. The effect of biomass of plant community was significant in spring following the grazing intensity. Along with the grazing intensity increasing, the water content was decreased in topsoil on May 30 th, the effect of water content was significant in topsoil by grazing intensity on June 15 th, the effect of water content on soil on June 30 th was not significant.

关 键 词：放牧强度 春季 针茅草地 

分 类 号：S182.8[农业科学—农业基础科学]