云南省17个县(市)大绒鼠体表寄生吸虱调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of sucking lice on the body surface of Eothenomys miletus in 17 counties (or cities) of Yunnan

作　　者：孟艳芬[1] 郭宪国[1] 门兴元[2] 吴滇[1] 

机构地区：[1]大理学院病原与媒介生物研究所,大理671000 [2]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2008年第3期209-212,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金(2004C0049M);国家自然科学基金(30460125;30060078)

摘　　要：目的了解云南省大绒鼠(Eothenomys miletus)体表吸虱寄生状况、种类组成、优势虱种及其空间分布和性比特征以及吸虱群落结构特点。方法选择云南省17个县(市)作为调查点,用鼠笼加食饵诱捕大绒鼠,用"全捕法"采集其体表全部吸虱。吸虱群落结构用丰富度(S)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、均匀度(J′)及优势指数(C′)描述。吸虱空间分布格局用分布型指数中的扩散系数(C)、Cassie指数(CA)、丛生指数(I)及聚块指数(m*/m)测定。结果所调查的17个县(市)中,仅5个县(市)捕获到大绒鼠,共计1169只。1169只大绒鼠体表仅采集到6种吸虱(3528只),物种丰富度及生物多样性都很低。缺齿甲胁虱在整个吸虱群落中占绝对优势,相对优势度为99.46%,优势种地位突出。优势虱种缺齿甲胁虱在大绒鼠体表的分布表现为聚集型分布格局,其生活史时期均以雌雄成虫为主,雌雄合计占81.62%,若虫比例较低。缺齿甲胁虱的雌雄性比为1.53∶1。结论大绒鼠体表吸虱种类比较单一,群落结构简单,优势虱种缺齿甲胁虱在宿主体表的寄生呈高度聚集性,雌性高于雄性。Objective To investigate the basic information of sucking lice on the body surface of Eothenomys miletus （a dominant species of wild rats in Yunnan）, including the louse species constitution and distribution, the dominant species of louse and their spatial pattern, the sex ratio and the community structure, etc. Methods E. miletus （the host of lice） was captured alive with a mouse trap in 17 counties （or towns） of Yunnan. All the lice on the body surface of the hosts were completely collected. Richness（S）, diversity index（H＇ ）, evenness（J＇） and dominance index （C＇） were used to illustrate the community structure of sucking lice on the hosts according to Shannon-Wiener＇ s method. Disperse coefficient（C）, Cassie index（ CA ）, clumping index（I） and patch index（ m /m ） were adopted to measure the spatial distribution pattern of sucking lice. Results 1169 individuals of E. miletus were captured only in five counties （towns）. Only six species of sucking lice （3528 individuals） were collected from the body surface of 1169 rats hosts （E. miletus ）. Both the richness and diversity index of sucking louse were very low. Hoplopleura edentula was the dominant species with 99.46% of relative dominance（Dr ）. The dominant louse species, H. edentula, showed an aggregation spatial distribution among the different individuals of the rat host. Male and female adults of H. edentula accounted for 81.62% of the whole development stages. The sex ratio of female/male in the dominant louse species was 1.53. Conclusion The sucking louse variety on E. miletus is very singularity and its community structure is also very simple. The distribution of H. edentula, a dominant louse species on E. miletus, is an aggregation pattern with more female adults.

关 键 词：吸虱 体表寄生虫 大绒鼠 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] R384.3[农业科学—植物保护]