哈尔滨市街道绿化的生态效应  

Ecological effect of street-greening in Harbin City

作　　者：刘慧民[1] 王大庆[2] 车艳双[1] 张超[1] 郑洋[3] 邹春蕾[4] 王宏燕[2] 车代弟[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院园林系,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学资源与环境学院生态系,哈尔滨150030 [3]沈阳农业大学园艺学院园林系,沈阳110161 [4]辽宁省农业科学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第6期894-902,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：东北农业大学2005年科技创新基金资助项目(20050208)

摘　　要：研究街道绿地组成与结构对城市环境和小气候的影响,对城市街道绿地的绿化设计具有重要的理论与实践意义。分别在2006年春、夏、秋不同季节,调查了哈尔滨市南直路、长江路、上坞路3条新建宽域街道与绿化相关的生态指标,并运用灰色关联度分析法,分析了新建街道的绿化生态效应。结果表明:在日变化规律和季节变化规律中,街道绿化树种的生态效应在不同街道、不同季节、一天中不同时段分别达到各自的极值;长江路夏季12:00—14:00达到降温极值、春季16:00—18:00出现遮光度极值、7:00—8:00出现负离子增加极值、11:00—13:00达到增湿极值,秋季16:00—18:00出现CO2吸收量极值、11:00—13:00达到噪音衰减量极值,南直路秋季11:00—13:00出现滞尘量极值;在不同季节生态效应的关联规律中,3条街道都在夏季表现出最佳总体绿化生态效应。灰色关联度分析表明,不同街道的总体绿化生态效应不同,以上坞路的总体绿化生态效应最为显著。街道绿化形式与模式不同,其生态效应也显著不同,街道绿地组成与结构对街道生态效应的发挥有较大影响。Studing the effects of the composition and structure of street green space on urban environment and microclimate is of theoretical and practical significance in the greening design of urban street green space. In the spring, summer and autumn of 2006, the ecological indices relating to the greening of three new-built avenues Nanzhi Road, Changjiang Road and Shangwu Road in Harbin City were investigated, and the ecological effects of the greening was analyzed by gray correlative degree analysis. The results showed that the ecological effect of street-greening differed with the avenues, seasons, and time periods of the day. On Changjiang Road, air temperature decline reached extremum at 12：00-14：00 in summer, shading degree presented extremum at 16：00-18：00 in spring, negative ion increment presented maximum at 7：00-8：00 in spring, humidity increment presented maximum at 11：00-13：00 in spring, C02 absorption presented maximum at 16：00-18：00 in autumn, and noise decrement presented maximum at 11：00- 13：00 in autumn. On Nanzhi Road, dust-capturing capacity presented maximum at 11：00- 13：00 in autumn. In the association regularity of ecological effect in different seasons, all the three avenues displayed the optimum overall greening ecological effect in summer. Different avenues had different overall greening ecological effect, and Shangwu Road was most predominance. If the pattern and form of street-greening were different, the ecological effect of the greening also differed markedly. The composition and structure of street green space had greater effects on the exertion of street＇ s ecological effect.

关 键 词：哈尔滨市 街道 绿化模式 生态效应 灰色关联度 

分 类 号：S731[农业科学—林学]