滨海电厂温排水对浮游动物分布的影响  

Effects of thermal water discharged from coastal power plant on distribution of zooplankton

作　　者：徐晓群[1] 曾江宁[1,2] 曾淦宁[3] 陈全震[1] 廖一波[1] 高爱根[1] 寿鹿[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,杭州310012 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310029 [3]浙江工业大学材料与化学学院,杭州310014

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第6期933-939,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项(2004DIB3J087);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y504012);国家海洋局青年科学基金项目(2005106、2008113);农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室基金资助项目

摘　　要：为了评估滨海电厂温排水对浮游动物的影响程度,选择了运营多年的浙江嘉兴电厂邻近海域,于2006年5月大、小潮期间进行了浮游动物分布现状调查,并选取东海近海常见浮游动物优势种中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、细巧华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus tenellus)、中华异水蚤(Acartiella sinensis)和近缘大眼剑水蚤(Corycaeus affinis)进行了24h半致死温度的耐热性实验。结果表明:调查海域共鉴定出浮游动物26种,其中大潮期间22种,小潮期间23种,主要为近岸低盐类群,优势种为虫肢歪水蚤(Tortanus vermiculus)、真刺唇角水蚤(Labidorcer aeuchaeta)等;浮游动物生物量虽呈近岸低、离岸高的分布状态,但密度相对均匀;长额刺糠虾(Acanthomysis longirostris)和仔鱼决定着调查海域生物量的分布特征,虫肢歪水蚤和真刺唇角水蚤则决定着密度的分布特征;实验结果证明,浮游动物有较高的热耐受力,7℃温升范围内4种实验物种均无个体死亡;滨海电厂温排水对排水口附近活动能力强、质量大的浮游动物种类的分布有较大影响,对活动能力弱的中、小型浮游动物种类分布几乎没有影响。To assess the effects of thermal water discharged from coastal power plant on zooplankton, the sea area near Jiaxing Power Plant located at the coast of Zhejiang Province was selected as a case to investigate the zooplankton distribution during both spring and neap tides in May 2006. The thermal tolerance of Calanus sinicus, Sinocalanus tenellus, Acartiella sinensis and Corycaeus affinis, the common dominant copepods in coastal waters of East China Sea, were also determined by 24 h semi-lethal temperature. In total, 26 species of zooplankton were identified, among which, 22 species were in spring tide and 23 species in neap tide. The main species iden- tified belonged to neritic low-salinity group, and Tortanus vermiculus and Labidorcera euchaeta were the dominant species. Zooplankton biomass increased from the close to the distant of coastline, while the density was relatively uniform. The biomass distribution was determined by Acanthomysis longirostris and fish larval, while the density distribution was determined by T. vermiculus and L. euchaeta. No death was observed for the four species when the temperature was raised by 7 centigrade, suggesting that zooplankton had higher thermal tolerance. It was concluded that the thermal water discharged from coastal power plant had larger effects on the distribution of zooplankton species with stronger activities and higher masses near the outfall, but less effects on the species with weaker activities and lower masses.

关 键 词：浮游动物 分布特征 温排水 热耐受力 东海 生态影响 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]