辽河油田油井硫化氢产生机理及防治措施  

Generation mechanism and control measures for H_2S in oil wells,Liaohe Oilfield

作　　者：王潜[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽河油田钻采工艺研究院

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2008年第3期349-354,共6页Petroleum Exploration and Development

摘　　要：在辽河油田相关采油单位部分油井含硫化氢状况统计分析基础上，研究硫化氢的生成机理。油井中产生硫化氢的主要原因是：原油中硫醇、硫醚等有机硫化物在高温下反应生成硫化氢；地层中含硫矿物在高温下反应生成硫化氢；地层水中硫酸盐还原菌在油层条件下将硫酸盐还原成硫化氢。针对洼38油田实际情况，研究油井硫化氢含量影响因素。实验表明，温度是产生硫化氢的主要外在因素，温度在100℃以上时，每升高20℃，硫化氢含量平均增加0．03％左右；温度在160-180℃时硫化氢含量增加幅度最大；温度高于180℃后硫化氢含量增加幅度明显减小。加入表面活性剂、混合添加剂能够抑制硫化氢的释放，酸类化学剂的加入会使硫化氢含量增加。加入自行研制的硫化氢消除剂一段时间后可基本消除硫化氢。H2S may be generated by reactions of sulphur-alcohol and sulfoether in the crude oil or by the sulfur-bearing minerals in the formation at high temperatures. Sulphate can also be reduced to H2S by the sulphate-reducing bacteria in formation water at formation conditions. Experiments show that temperature is the key external factor affecting the formation of H2S. Temperature being over 100 ℃, the content of H2S increases by about 0.03% every 20 ℃ increase in temperature. The content of H2S increases rapidly with temperature being between 160 ℃ and 180 ℃. When temperature is higher than 180 ℃, the speed of H2S generation decreases obviously. With surfactants and mixed additives added, the release of H2S can be prohibited. With the adding of acid chemicals, the content of H2S will increase. H2S in oil wells can be basically eliminated in some time with self-developed H2S remover added.

关 键 词：油井 硫化氢 机理 防治 辽河油田 

分 类 号：TE357.4[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]