尼日尔三角洲深水区层序地层及地震相研究  

Study on Sequence Stratigraphy and Seismic Facies in Deep-water Niger Delta

作　　者：李磊[1] 王英民[1] 黄志超 任亚红[1] 张莲美[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学资源与信息学院 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司上海海洋油气分公司研究院,上海200120 [3]中国矿业大学资源学院,江苏徐州221008

出　　处：《沉积学报》2008年第3期407-416,共10页Acta Sedimentologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:40572067);国家863项目(批准号:20060109A1002-01)资助

摘　　要：中新世至上新世,研究区发育深海平原和陆坡坡脚沉积。缺少反映海平面变化的上超特征和削截现象,很难利用地震反射终止类型(上超、顶超、削截)进行层序界面识别。文中利用深水区沉积旋回的地震相特征差异进行层序界面识别,并建立了研究区层序演化模式:低位体系域发育重力流沉积(块状搬运复合体、浊积扇)——海侵高位体系域深海泥质发育。以层序为格架进行地震相和沉积相在时间和空间分布特征分析。研究区识别出两类叠加地震相样式:杂乱反射块状搬运复合体——丘形水道—堤岸复合体(浊积扇)——平行反射深海泥质沉积;丘形水道—堤岸复合体(浊积扇)——平行反射深海泥质沉积。The strata of Miocene and Pliocene in the study area deposit in the deepsea plain and toe of slope. Characters of the onlap and truncation which represent eustasy cannot be recognized in seismic data. It is difficult to recognize the sequence boundary with seismic termination such as onlap, toplap and truncation. In this paper, the sequence boundary can be identified by characters in seismic facies of sedimentary cycle. Model of sequence evolution, LST developing gravity flow deposition （ mass-transport complex and turbidite fan） , T-HST developing deep sea mud, has been built up. Characters of seismic facies and sedimentary facies are analyzed in sequences. Two seismic facies stacking pattern have been recognized in the study area： chaotic mass-transport complexes overlain by hummocky channel-levee complexes （turbidite fan ） and capped by parallel to subparallel hemipelagic drape complexes; hummocky channel-levee complexes （turbidite fan） and capped by parallel to subparallel hemipelagic drape complexes.

关 键 词：尼日尔三角洲深水区 层序地层 地震相 

分 类 号：P539.1[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P512.2[天文地球—地质学]