综合治理下小流域景观格局变化的研究——以千阳县冉家沟为例  

Analysis on Landscape Pattern and Differentiation in Small Watershed——A Case Study of Ranjiagou Watershed in Qianyang County

作　　者：孙尚华[1] 刘建军[1] 康博文[1] 黄海[1] 孙建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2008年第3期62-65,共4页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业科技支撑计划"防护林体系空间配置与结构优化技术研究"(2006BAD03A0205)

摘　　要：运用景观生态学理论,以千阳县冉家沟流域为例,选取斑块分维数、类斑形状指数、景观多样性指数、优势度指数、破碎度指数等指标对该流域近10 a的景观变化进行综合分析。结果表明:1999—2007年,冉家沟流域景观类型增加2个;耕地大面积减少,主要转化为幼林地、新造林地和人工草地;荒山荒地景观类型消失,几乎全部转化为新造林地,极小一部分转化为林地。整个流域的景观多样性和优势度指数增大,景观结构趋于简单化,总体生态环境得到明显改善。目前,该流域形成了以林地、新造林地为主的景观生态系统,人类活动的干预是该区景观空间格局变化的主要因素。Based on the theory of landscape, selecting indices such as average fractal dimension, patch shape index, diversity index, landscape dominance index and fragmentation index, changes of landscape pattern of Ranjiagou watershed during the past 10 years in Qianyang County were analyzed. The results showed that the total number of patch increased by 2 from 1999 to 2007; the area of cultivatedland decreased sharply,most of the land changed into young forest land, new afforestation field and artificial grassland; the landscape type of uncultivated land was disappeared, most of the land changed into new afforestation field, very few into forest land. In the whole watershed, diversity index and landscape dominance index increased, the landscape structure tended to be simplified, and the whole ecological environment has been improved significantly. At present, the landscape ecosystem was mainly composed of forest and new afforestation field, the main driving factor for the dynamic changes of spatial pattern of landscape was human activity in this watershed.

关 键 词：景观格局 地理信息系统 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S731.9[农业科学—林学]