国外松种间杂交育种及其F1代早期生长评价  

Study on Hybridization among Exotic Pines and Their Early Growth Assessment of F_1 Generation

作　　者：栾启福[1] 姜景民[1] 张建忠 沈凤强 刘昭息[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311440 [2]浙江省杭州市余杭区长乐林场,浙江杭州311123

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2008年第3期314-319,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：国家林业局“948”引进项目(2004-4-16)”;国家“十一五”科技支撑项目(2006BAD01A1405);浙江省“松杉良种选育”项目(基础支撑项目)

摘　　要：采用人工控制授粉的方式，开展了湿地松X洪都拉斯加勒比松（湿加松）、火炬松X洪都拉斯加勒比松（火加松）的种间杂交育种工作。杂交种育苗和子代测定均采取随机区组设计，并追踪调查了苗高和定植后的树高。结果显示：苗期湿加松和火加松各个组合间的树高差异显著，而定植前2a由于处于生长初期，部分生长较快的幼树遭受冻害，各组合间树高差异没有达到显著水平；定植第3、4年火加松各组合间高生长差异极显著，而湿加松各组合间的差异也相对加大，但是没有达到差异显著水平。这表明杂种子代生长评价测定至少应该在定植4～5a之后，其中湿加松的子代测定评价时间应该比火加松的评价时间更晚。一大批表现较优的火加松组合5年生（包括1a苗期）平均高度达4．0m以上，该平均值超过国家速生丰产林林业部标准（H=4．0m），国外松杂交育种能够高效选择出优良的松树品种。The breeding and hybridization among exotic pines were studied in this paper. 8 F1-hybrids of Pinus elliottii var. elliottii （PEE） × Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis （PCH） and 47 F1-hybrids of Pinus taeda （PT） × Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis （PCH） , which were selected from 17 crosses of PEE × PCH and 75 crosses of PT × PCH according to the height order of seedling, were growed for filial generation test with a randomly block design.All trees in the test were measured for height at the age of 3 and 5. The results of variance analysis （ANOVA） revealed that no differences existed among the hybrids on the average height at the age of 3 because of the lower cold-endurance of some young trees, but significant differences appeared at the age of 5 among the crosses, especially the growth differences of PT× PCH crosses were extremely significant. Thus the assessment of F, hybrids would begin 4 years after planted in fields. The height of better F, families of PT × PCH were higher than 4.0 meters, which exceeds the national standard of good conifer trees. In conclusion, better pine varieties can be selected effectively through hybridization in exotic pines.

关 键 词：火炬松 湿地松 洪都拉斯加勒比松 杂交育种 F1代 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]