486例心理咨询门诊患者的临床资料分析  

Clinical Analysis on 486 Patients Received Psychological Consult in Clinic

作　　者：罗培安[1] 

机构地区：[1]峨眉山市人民医院,四川峨眉614200

出　　处：《川北医学院学报》2008年第3期246-248,共3页Journal of North Sichuan Medical College

摘　　要：目的了解普通医院心理咨询门诊所遇到的常见问题:具体咨询问题的分布情况、疾病类型构成、不同性别和不同文化程度者主要咨询问题的差异。方法对本院心理门诊直接咨询者详细、完整的486份咨询记录卡进行分析统计。结果门诊患者以焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍、适应障碍为多(66.87%);不同性别的咨询者女性在情绪问题、家庭关系等方面问题较多,男性主要集中在工作问题、人际关系等方面;不同文化程度咨询者,大学以上文化程度咨询问题主要为人际关系和家庭问题居多,高中以情绪问题、亲子关系、夫妻关系居多,高中以下以躯体不适和健康问题居多。结论随着人们工作生活节奏加快,导致各种心理压力的增加;适应障碍所占的比例较大,表明群体对社会和居住环境及工作学习条件均呈现出较强的不适应性;男性心理障碍发生率显著高于女性,与男性承受压力较大有关,且与女性易主动要求改善夫妻关系有关,也和女性的忍耐力强有较大的关系。Objective To investigate the frequently encountered disorders in psychological clinic affiliated to a general hospital, including the detailed distribution of inquirers＇ questions, disease profile, and the differences of questions concerned by inquirers of both sexes and varied cultural background. Methods 486 detailed and intact medical records of inquirers receiving face-to-face psychological consult were reviewed, and then a statistical analysis was nerformed. Results Patients with anxiety disorder, depressive disorder and adjustment disorder predominates in clinic inquirers. Of both sexes, the female predominately inquired about emotional disorders and family relations, while the male inquirers mainly focused on working affairs and interpersonal relationship. Among inquirers received varied levels of education, patients who had ever received college or higher level education were more concerned about interpersonal relationship and family issues ; patients who only had sefiior high school education background were mostly inquired about emotional disorders, parent-child and conjugal relationship. Lastly, the inquirers whose education level was even below senior high school more focused on their malaise and other health problems. Conclusion Various psychological pressures increase with the acceleration of life tempo. Adjustment disorders take a significant proportion in the disease profile, which indicates remarkable maladjustment to the society and living environment among the population; the incidence of psychological obstacles in male is higher than that in female, which may be due to the higher pressure on male shoulder, and also due to that women are more active to improve the conjugal relations. In addition, it is somewhat related to a better intolerance of female population.

关 键 词：心理障碍 心理咨询 疾病类型 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]