2004～2006年乐山市中心城区生活饮用水水质卫生状况分析  

INVESTIGATION ON HYGIENE CONDITION OF DRINKING WATER IN DOWNTOWN AREAS OF LESHAN DURING 2004-2006

作　　者：彭一萍 周骥[1] 杨德富[1] 刘玲[1] 李胜华[1] 吴刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]乐山市疾病预防控制中心,乐山614000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2008年第11期2157-2158,2170,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解乐山市中心城区生活饮用水水质卫生状况,加强生活饮用水的卫生管理,确保生活饮用水的卫生与安全。[方法]按照卫生部《生活饮用水卫生规范》2001版进行样品的采集、保存、检测和评价。[结果]2004～2006年共检测水样784件,总的合格率为82.78%。2006年度生活饮用水合格率高于2004、2005年度(χ2=7.011,P﹤0.05)。各类生活饮用水的合格率分别为:集中式供水90.22%,二次供水89.66%,自备井水55.69%,自备井水合格率明显低于前两类水(χ2=109.286,P﹤0.001)。在检测项目中以总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群合格率最低,分别为93.37%、94.64%;其次为锰、pH、浑浊度、铁、细菌总数、色度、肉眼可见物,合格率分别为95.66%、96.68%、97.19%、97.19%、97.45%、97.58%、97.83%;铜、锌、阴离子合成洗涤剂、砷、铬、氰化物、氟化物、汞、硝酸盐、四氯化碳、盐基度合格率达100%;其他检测项目合格率介于98%～100%之间。[结论]乐山市中心城区生活饮用水整体合格率较低,超标项目主要为微生物指标和锰、pH、浑浊度等指标。自备井水的卫生状况存在较大隐患,需加以改善,提示今后应加大自备井水监管力度,加强技术指导和水质监督监测。[Objective] To understand the quality condition of drinking water in downtown areas of Leshan, improve on hygienic management of drinking water, guarantee health and security of drinking water. [ Methods] The quality of drinking water was examined and evaluated according to the correlative GB, 2001. [Results] We examined altogether 784 water sampies during 2004-2006, the total qualified rate was 82.78%. Qualified rate of drinking water was higher in 2006 than those in 2004 and 2005 （X^2 = 7.011, P 〈 0.05） . Qualified rate of each kind of drinking water respectively was： concentration water supply was 90.22%, secondary water supply 89.66%, supplying for oneself well water 55.69%.The qualified rate of the latter was lower than the first two kinds of water obviously （X^2 = 109.286, P〈 0.001） . In the items examined, the qualified rate of total coliform and fecal coliform bacteria was lowest, 93.67%, 94.64% respectively; then were manganese, pH, opacity, iron, plate-count bacteria, chromaticity, visible residue saw by naked eye, the qualified rate was 95.66%, 96.88%, 97.19%, 97.19%, 97.45%, 97.58%. 97.83% respectively; the qualified rates of copper, zinc, anion synthetic detergent, arsenic, chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, nitrate, carbon tetrach[oride and basicity reached 100%, other qualified rates of items examined were between 98%-100%. [Conclusion] The water quality of drinking water need to be improved in downtown areas of Leshan, especially monitoring and management of drinking water should be strengthened. The qualified rate is low, the items exceeding the allowed standard are mainly microbiological parameters, manganese, pH and opacity. Hygiene condition of supplying for oneself well water exists hidden danger, which hints surveillance and management for supplying for oneself well water should be strengthened, technical guidance and examination of water quality should be improved.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 水质 卫生状况 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]