一种晶闸管开关冲击电压发生器的工作特性  

A Thyristor Marx Generator and Its Charging/Discharging Characteristics

作　　者：王晓明[1] 孙兆冲[1] 侯召政[1] 方辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学电气工程系,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《高压电器》2008年第3期283-286,共4页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：哈尔滨工业大学跨学科交叉性研究基金(HIT.MD2002.1)

摘　　要：笔者设计了一种晶闸管开关的冲击电压发生器,它由脉动直流电源供电,增加晶闸管组合模块就可方便地扩展级数提高输出电压,晶闸管组合模块有对负载的单向、双向和续流三种放电工作模式。对充电拓扑电路设计的改进有效地避免了负载上的预脉冲,所给出的充电电阻计算方法能实现各储能电容充电电流的一致,有效抑制了环流,提高了充电效率,文中还给出充电电阻功率选取的计算方法。所进行的变负载放电特性分析表明:感性负载时,减小电感使输出电流脉冲幅值提高、脉宽变窄,特性曲线为设计和用户的使用提供了依据;容性负载时,储能电容的实际等效参数对小容量的电容放电参数有较大影响,为了获取陡前沿电压脉冲和窄电流脉冲,减小回路的总电感是必要的。感性及容性负载的实验放电波形与仿真结果吻合较好。所设计的冲击电压发生器既可用于产生较强脉冲磁场也可用于产生放电等离子体的工业应用中。A thyristor Marx generator is designed, and an AC single phase solid state voltage regulation module is used for adjusting AC supply voltage. The charging supply is gotten by a step-up transformer and a rectifier. It is easy to enlarge the output discharging voltage of the Marx generator by increasing the stages of energy storage capacitors and switches consisting of thyristor module. There are three discharge types, i.e. unidirectional, bidirectional and free-wheeling types, in the different switching modes of thyristor module. The improved charging circuit design effectively avoids the pre-pulse on the load while charging. A method for selecting charging resistances is given to achieve high efficiency balance charging and circle current restriction, and another method for calculating the power of the resistances is also given. The discharging characteristics indicate that reducing the inductance will get higher amplitude and narrower width of current pulses for inductive load. When the load is capacitive, the real equivalent inductance of storage capacitor plays an important part while the load capacitance is lower, and it is necessary to minimize the loop inductance to obtain precipitous edge and narrow pulse. The experimental waveforms accord with the simulation. This thyristor Marx generator could be used in the applications of strong magnetic field and discharging plasma.

关 键 词：冲击电压发生器 功率脉冲 晶闸管 充电电路 仿真 放电特性 

分 类 号：TN34[电子电信—物理电子学]