不同精粗比全混合日粮饲养技术对南方奶牛采食行为、产奶性能和血清游离氨基酸的影响  

Effect of total mixed ration on milk performance,feeding behavior,and serum free amino acid in dairy cows of southern China

作　　者：张石蕊[1] 易学武[1] 贺喜[1] 肖兵南[2] 刘海林[2] 戴求仲[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物营养研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,湖南长沙410131

出　　处：《草业学报》2008年第3期23-30,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：湖南省科技厅重大专项课题“南方奶业重大关键技术研究与产业化示范(04NK1006)”资助

摘　　要：研究了具有南方奶牛日粮类型特征的全混合日粮饲养技术不同精粗比(T1,60∶40;T2,55∶45;T3,50∶50;T4,45∶55;T5,40∶60)对奶牛的采食行为、产奶性能和血清游离氨基酸的影响。试验结果表明,在全混合日粮饲养技术下,日粮精粗比的增加,奶牛的干物质采食量从T5组的13.57 kg/d显著降低至T1组的12.70 kg/d(P<0.05),咀嚼时间从T5组的786.50 min/d极显著降低至T1组的607.83 min/d(P<0.01);奶牛的产奶量、4%标准奶产量、乳糖、乳总固形物、总非脂固形物产量均随日粮精粗比增加而显著增加(P<0.05),以60%精料添加量的T1组为最高,分别为13.92,13.25,0.65,1.73和1.20 kg/d;但对奶牛的血清游离氨基酸含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。表明在南方奶牛典型日粮采用全混合日粮饲养技术时,日粮精粗比的增加可提高奶牛的产奶性能,降低奶牛的干物质采食量、咀嚼时间,对奶牛的血清游离氨基酸含量没有显著影响。The effects of concentrate to forage ratios （T1, 60 ： 40; T2, 55 ： 45; T3, 50 ： 50; T4, 45 ： 55; TS, 40 ： 60） of total mixed ration （TMR） in the diet of dairy cows on feeding behavior, milk performance, and serum free amino acid in southern China was studied using typical local feeds. Dry matter intake significantly （P〈 0.05） decreased by 13. 57 （TS） to 12. 70 （T1） kg/d and chewing activity was extremely significantly （P〈 0.01） decreased by 786.50 （T5） to 607.83 （T1） min/d as C ： F increased in total mixed ration. Milk yield components, 4% FCM yields, milk lactose yields, milk solid yields, and milk solids-not-fat yields significantly increased as C ： F increased in total mixed ration and reached a maximum （13.92, 13.25, 0.65, 1.73, and 1.20 kg/d, respectivley） when adding 60% concentrate. Serum free amino acid concentrations were not significantly affected as C ： F increased. The trial indicated that milk performance significantly increased, DMI and chewing time significantly decreased, and serum free amino acid concentrations were not significantly affected as C ： F increased in total mixed ration in southern China by taking typical local feed.

关 键 词：全混合日粮 产奶性能 采食行为 血清游离氨基酸 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]