生物模板法制备木材陶瓷  

Synthesis of Wood-Derived Ceramics from Biological Templates

作　　者：罗民[1] 高积强[2] 乔冠军[2] 金志浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学化学化工学院,银川750021 [2]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《化学进展》2008年第6期989-1000,共12页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：973前期研究专项项目(No2007CB216400,2008CB617613);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(203143);宁夏高等学校科研项目(2007)资助

摘　　要：生物模板法是一种制备具有生物形貌特点的结构和功能材料的新方法。由于木材组织结构方面的独特性,制备多级孔结构的木材生态陶瓷在探索特殊微观结构和性能之间的关系方面有着重大的意义。本文总结了生物模板法制备木材陶瓷技术的发展现状,指出了各种工艺的优缺点,着重介绍了木材陶瓷的发展历史、制备方法、机理和性能,概述了木材生态陶瓷在骨移植材料和催化材料方面的应用和发展前景。Biotemplating as a new concept for preparation of biomorphic ceramic composite materials is described. The approaches to convert the native biopolymeric materials into ceramic products include： （i） pyrolytic decomposition resulting in a porous carbon replica; （ii） infiltration of biocarbon template with gaseous or liquid precursors and subsequent to form non-oxide as well as oxide ceramic via reactive or molding techniques. The recent progress in the synthesis of wood-derived ceramics from natural templates is summarized. Emphasis is given to the history, preparation methods, mechanism and properties of wood-derived ceramics. Wood and wood-based products such as filter paper, cardboard, wood-based fiberboards can be used as biotemplates to fabricate biomorphic porous ceramics with varied component of carbide, oxide, nitride or composites and different microstructure such as fibrilla macroscopic structure, laminated ceramics, complex micro-/macrostructure, which might be suitable for technical application such as filters, catalysis carriers and biomedical materials. Besides wood-derived ceramics, other biomorphic ceramics derived from various natural templates are also introduced in brief. Finally, directions to future investigations on wood-derived ceramics are proposed.

关 键 词：生物模板法 生态陶瓷 制备工艺 木材陶瓷及其制品 骨移植材料 催化材料 

分 类 号：TM285[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB383[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]