小儿心脏直视术后体液平衡及电解质的管理  

Management of Body Fluid Balance and Electrolyte after Open Heart Surgery in Children

作　　者：崔玉玲[1] 宋静波[1] 殷慧智[1] 

机构地区：[1]四平中心医院护理部,吉林省四平市136000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2008年第12期1038-1039,共2页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨及时纠正小儿心脏直视术后水、电解质紊乱和酸碱失衡的有效方法。方法准确计算单位时间内的出入量并严格控制,通过对血钾、血钙等离子的监测及处理,保持体液和电解质平衡。结果96例先天性心脏病行小儿心脏直视术患儿除2例由于畸形复杂、心衰严重,分别于术后4h、8h死亡外,其他患儿顺利度过术后早期的危险阶段,未发生心衰、肺水肿和血容量不足。结论对液体平衡及电解质的管理应结合体格检查、各种监测指标(血压、中心静脉压、心率、左房压)及各种实验室检查数据(电解质、尿素氮)等。Objective To find out effective ways of promptly correcting body fluid （BF） and electrolyte disturbance and acid -base imbalance after open heart surgery （OHS） in children. Methods Intake and output volumn within unit time was accurately measured and strictly controlled, BF and electrolyte balance was maintained by monitoring and handling ions such as potassium and blood calcium, etc. Results Out of 96 child patients with congenital heart disease （CHD） who were given OHS, 94 came successfully through the early - stage danger without occurrence of heart failure, pulmonary edema and lack of blood volume, and only two died at 4, 8 h respectively, due to complex deformities and serious heart failure. Conclusion Management of liquid and electrolyte balance should be combined with physical examinations, all kinds of monitoring indicators （blood pressure, central venous pressure, heart rate and left atrial pressure） and various laboratory data （electrolytes, urea nitrogen）.

关 键 词：体外循环 液体平衡 水电解质失调 

分 类 号：R726.542.1[医药卫生—儿科]