有机物对苹果叶片脯氨酸和水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of organics on proline content and water use efficiency in apple leaves

作　　者：接玉玲[1] 张伟[1] 杨洪强[1] 赵海洲[1] 段凯旋[1] 王珊[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,泰安271018 [2]作物生物学国家重点实验室,泰安271018

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第5期20-24,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671452&30571285);山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金(02BS021)

摘　　要：以盆栽3年生红富士苹果(Malus domestica Borkh cv.Rehd.Fuji)做试材,研究了土壤控水和自然失水过程中,甜菜碱(Bet)、β-氨基丁酸(β-ABA)和壳聚糖(OC)以及自然干旱(ND)对叶片水分利用效率(WUE)和脯氨酸含量的影响。结果表明,在土壤相对含水率(RWC)70%～80%时,β-ABA和OC处理后第2天叶片脯氨酸含量升高、第10天叶片WUE升高。在自然失水过程中,预先Bet、β-ABA和OC的叶片脯氨酸含量明显升高。自然失水第5天(RWC=50%～60%),经自然干旱(ND)预处理的植株,叶片WUE最高,其次是经Bet预处理的,再次是OC;自然失水第10天(RWC=25%～35%),叶片WUE普遍下降,但经Bet、β-ABA和OC预处理的明显高于对照。综合比较显示,Bet、β-ABA、OC和ND预处理都能不同程度地诱导苹果叶片积累脯氨酸,并可有效延缓严重干旱胁迫引起的叶片WUE下降,其中甜菜碱效果最好,其次是β-氨基丁酸。Three-years-old apple trees （Malus domestica Borkh c.v.Rehd Fuji） were used as materials in this experiment. It was studied that the effect of Betaine （Bet）, β- aminobutyric acid （β-ABA）, Oligo-Chitosan （OC） and natural drought （ND） on leaf proline accumulation and water use efficiency （WUE） under controlling water treatments and natural water-losing of soil. The results show that β-ABA and OC increase proline content in secourd day with treatment and increas WUE on tenth day under RWC 70%～80%. The treatments of Bet, β-ABA, OC and ND all increase the content ofproline in leaves during water-losing of soil. On fifth day of water-losing （RWC=-50%～60%）, leaf WUE is the highest in the plant treated by ND, in that by Bet secondly and OC thirdly. On tenth day of water-losing （RWC=-50%～60%）, leaf WUE decreas generally; the WUE of leaf pre-treated by Bet, β-ABA and OC all are higher than that by control significantly. Those results suggest that the pretreatments of Bet, β-ABA, OC and ND all can induce the accumulation of proline in a certain degree and resist the decrease of leaf WUE under severe water stress, in which effect of Bet is best and β-ABA secondly. Betaine can increase effectively the drought resistance and leaf WUE of apple tree.

关 键 词：有机分子 水分利用效率 土壤水分 脯氨酸 苹果 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学] S661[农业科学—果树学]