大头径髋关节假体的理论研究与临床应用(英文)  

Theoretical research and clinical application of large-diameter femoral head hip prosthesis

作　　者：汝鸣[1] 蔡郑东[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第二军医大学长海医院骨科,上海市200433

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2008年第22期4393-4396,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库、西文生物医学期刊文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库和万方数据库1995-01/2008-01的文献62篇,总结大直径球头人工髋关节临床应用及研究进展。以往认为髋关节假体股骨头直径> 32 mm时关节磨损将明显增加,近年越来越多的基础和临床研究显示股骨头直径大小与磨损率高低并无必然联系,特别是在高交联聚乙烯、金属、陶瓷等耐磨材料应用于人工关节之后。大头径髋关节假体在关节稳定性和活动度方面的优势已引起重视,研究发现随着股骨头直径的增大,脱位的发生率明显降低,同时头颈比改善增加了假体的活动度,减少了假体间的碰撞。目前临床上大头径髋关节假体的应用主要体现于金属-金属人工关节,特别是在髋关节表面置换术中;大头径髋关节假体在关节翻修术中也发挥了独特的优势。A computer-based online search was conducted in PUMMED, English Medical Current Contents （EMCC）, China Journal Full-text Database （CJFD）, and Wanfang Database to summarize application and research progress of large-diameter femoral head hip prosthesis from January 1995 to January 2008. There were 62 literatures in total. Previous studies reported that when diameter of femoral head hip prosthesis was 〉 32 mm, joint worn out remarkably. During recent years, more and more basic and clinical researches demonstrate that diameter of femoral head is not correlated with wear rate; in particular, diameter of femoral head is not related to wear rate of artificial joint made by high cross linked polyethylene, metal, and ceramics. The superiority of large-diameter femoral head hip prosthesis has been paid more attention because of stability and activity. With the enlargement of diameter of femoral head, dislocated incidence decreases remarkably, and improvement of head-neck ratio increases the activity of prosthesis and reduces collision between two prostheses. Recently, large-diameter femoral head hip prosthesis has been widely applied for metal-on-mental hip joint, in particular, for hip resurfacing arthroplasty; in addition, large-diameter femoral head hip prosthesis plays a distinct role in joint replacement.

关 键 词：髋关节 股骨头 关节假体 直径磨损 医用植入体 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]