云南省21县市小兽体表蚤类群落生态及种多度分布  

Investigation on community ecology and species-abundance distribution of fleas on small mammals in 21 counties of Yunnan,China

作　　者：张胜勇[1] 郭宪国[1] 龚正达[2] 张丽云[2] 吴滇[1] 王政昆[3] 

机构地区：[1]大理学院病原与媒介生物研究所,大理671000 [2]云南省地方病防治所,大理671000 [3]云南师范大学生命科学院,昆明650092

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2008年第6期518-521,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30460125);云南省科技创新强省计划(2007C0005Z2)联合资助

摘　　要：目的探讨小兽体表寄生蚤类群落结构及其种多度分布。方法对云南省21县市小兽体表的蚤类为一个群落,运用生态学中的丰富度指数(S)、群落均匀度(J’)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)、生态优势度指数(C’)、种间随机相遇机率(PIE)及群落构成比(Cr)等方法进行测定。利用Preston对数正态分布模型对云南省21县市蚤类群落的种多度分布进行拟合。结果共采获到蚤类15 773只,隶于7科34属86种。优势蚤类有22种,占总数的93.46%,其余64种蚤类只占6.54%。群落多样性指数为2.8913,均匀度为0.6491,生态优势指数为0.1345,种间随机相遇率0.8656。蚤类个体数量只有1只的蚤种数为9种,有4 815只的蚤种数为1种。蚤类的实际种多度曲线与理论种多度曲线拟合较好,拟和优度是0.7996。结论云南省蚤种类丰富,生物多样性相对较高。蚤类群落的种多度分布服从对数正态分布。To investigate the community structure and species-abundance distribution of fleas on the body surface of small mammals, all the fleas from 21 counties of Yunnan province were regarded as a flea community unit. The richness （S）, evenness （J＇）, diversity index （H＇）, dominance index （C） , PIE and constituent ratios （Cr） were calculated for the community. Preston＇s log-normal distribution model was used to fit the species-abundance of flea community in 21 counties in Yunnan. A total of 15773 fleas were collected from the small mammal hosts and they were identified into 7 families, 34 genera and 86 species. The 22 dominant species account for 93.46% of the total flea individuals, while the rest 64 flea species only 6.54%. Diversity index （H＇） was 2. 8913, evenness （J＇） was 0. 6491, dominance index （C） was 0. 1345 and PIE was 0. 8656. There were 9 flea species with only one individual. Only one flea reached 4 815 individuals. A theoretical curve for the species abundance distribution was successfully fitted in a semilogarithmic rectangular system. Flea species in Yunnan province were abundant with a high biodiversity. The species abundance distribution of fleas conformed to the lognormal distribution pattern.

关 键 词：蚤目 群落 种-多度分布 云南 

分 类 号：R531[医药卫生—内科学]