雅砻江流域分布式水文模型开发研究  

Development of Distributed Hydrological Model for Yalongjiang River Basin

作　　者：俞烜[1] 冯琳[2] 严登华[1] 贾仰文[1] 杨舒媛[1] 胡东来[1] 张明珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京100044 [2]国家防汛抗旱总指挥部办公室,北京100053

出　　处：《水文》2008年第3期49-53,共5页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重大项目课题“西线工程对调水区生态环境影响评估及综合调控技术”(2006BAB04A08);科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项“南水北调西线工程水源区水资源评估技术研究”(2005DIB3J057)

摘　　要：面向南水北调西线水源区之一雅砻江流域生态水文调控,开发了一个基于物理机制的日过程流域水循环系统的分布式模拟模型。模型的产流过程计算考虑了雨强大小,采用Green-Ampt模型或Richards方程。汇流过程计算考虑了河道属性(纵横断面及河道控制工程),采用运动波方程或动力波方程模型。计算单元内采用了"马赛克"法即把单元内土地归为5种地域分别计算再汇总。1985～2000年雅砻江流域径流模拟较准确,水量平衡方面误差小于5%,模型与实测径流过程线相关系数达到0.86～0.94,Nash-Sutcliffe模型效率达0.7以上,表明该模型具有较高精度,能够满足流域生态水文调控中水循环各个过程的模拟与预测,构建了一个良好平台。A distributed model for daily simulating the hydrological cycle system in the Yalongjiang River Basin has been developed, with the physical mechanism of hydrological cycle being considered, mainly aimed at regulation of eco-hydrological process of the basin. Green-Ampt Model and Richards Equitation was applied in the runoff calculation, in which the rainfall intensity was considered. According to the attribution of the watercourses, Kinematic Wave Model or Dynamic Wave Model was chosen for the confluence calculation. The ＇mosaic＇ method was introduced in the calculation of each unit, which reflected spatial variation of land use. The validity of the model was verified by the simulation calculation of runoff variation process from 1985 to 2000. The maximum error of water balance calculation was less than 5%. The correlation coefficient between simulated and observed values were 0.86-0.94. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients were both above 0.7. The results of the model have offered great reference for regulation of eco-hydrological process of the basin.

关 键 词：分布式水文模型 WEP 应用研究 雅砻江流域 

分 类 号：P338.9[天文地球—水文科学]