添加缬氨酸和异亮氨酸对哺乳母猪及其仔猪生产性能的影响  

Effects of Valine and Isoleucine on Production Performance of Lactating Sows and Litters

作　　者：黄红英[1] 贺建华[1] 范志勇 杨灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物营养教研所,长沙410128

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2008年第3期281-287,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：湖南省科技重大专项(项目编号:2007FJ1003);湖南省教育厅重点项目(项目编号:06A026)

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨在哺乳母猪日粮中添加缬氨酸和异亮氨酸对母猪及其仔猪生产性能、母猪采食量和乳成分的影响。试验选用健康、体况、预产期相近的第2胎法系JALAX母猪144头,分成3个处理组,即对照组、试验A组和试验B组,每个处理48头母猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验A组饲喂添加低水平支链氨基酸日粮(基础日粮+缬氨酸0.26%+异亮氨酸0.06%),试验B组饲喂添加高水平支链氨基酸日粮(基础日粮+缬氨酸0.36%+异亮氨酸0.14%)。试验从母猪妊娠108d进产房开始,到仔猪21日龄断奶时结束。试验结果表明:(1)添加缬氨酸和异亮氨酸提高了仔猪的断奶窝重、断奶窝增重、平均日增重和21日龄仔猪成活率,但以试验A组的效果较好,和对照组比,上述指标分别提高了23.10%(P<0.01)、30.45%(P<0.01)、19.26%(P<0.05)和7.16%(P<0.05);(2)添加缬氨酸和异亮氨酸提高了哺乳母猪哺乳11～15d、16～21d以及哺乳全期的采食量,试验A组比对照组分别提高了35.61%(P<0.01)、27.72%(P<0.01)和24.21%(P<0.01),试验B组虽然与对照组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但有提高的趋势;(3)添加缬氨酸和异亮氨酸极显著提高了泌乳第1天、第7天和第15天乳中乳脂、乳蛋白、总固形物、非乳脂固体的含量(P<0.01),极显著降低了乳糖的含量(P<0.01),但以试验A组的效果最好;(4)添加缬氨酸和异亮氨酸极显著提高了初乳(泌乳第1天)的总必需氨基酸、总非必需氨基酸以及总氨基酸的含量(P<0.01),但对第7天和第15天乳中氨基酸含量影响不显著。因此,日粮中添加缬氨酸和异亮氨酸可以提高哺乳母猪的日采食量和改善母猪乳品质,从而提高哺乳仔猪的生长性能。This study was to explore the effects of valine and isoleucine on production performance of sows and litters, feed intake and mile composition of sows. One hundred and forty-four France hybrids galaxy JALAX Sows, with similar health, situation and expected date of delivery, were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely group1 （control group）, 2 and 3, with each group containing 6 replicates of 8 sows. Groups 1 to 3 were fed with basal diets supplemented with 0, 0.26% and 0. 36% of valine and 0, 0.06% and 0.14% of isoleucine respectively. On the 108^th day of gestation, sows were moved into farrowing house, when they were allotted to one of the three diets. The results showed that 1） litter weight at weaning, litter weight gain at weaning, average daily gain and survival rate of 21 d-old weaned piglets were all improved with the supplementation of valine and isoleucine. Compared with the control group （51.34 kg, 36.59 kg, 176.51 g, 91.58%）, Group 2 got the best result, improved by 23.10% （P〈0.01）, 30.45% （P〈0.01）, 15.91% （P〈0.01） and 7.16% （P〈0.05） respectively; 2） compared with the control （group 1）,average daily feed intake of sows during 11--15 d, 16--21 d and 1--21 d respectively increased 35.61%, 27.72 % and 24.21% in group 2 （P〈0.01）, but not significantly in group 3 （P〉0.05）, though there was an increasing trend; 3） the contents of milk fat, CP, total solid matter and non-fat solid matter on the 1^st day, the 7^th day and the 15^th day were all extremely significantly improved, while the lactose content decreased, with the supplementation of valine and isoleucine （P〈0.01）, and group 2 got the best result; 4） total essential amino acids （EAA）, total non-essential amino acids （NEAA） and total amino acids were all extraordinarily improved with the addition of valine and isoleucine （P〈 0.01）, but no significant effect exited on the 7^th day and the 15^th day. Therefore, the supplementation of valine and isoleucine in the lactating sow＇s

关 键 词：缬氨酸 异亮氨酸 哺乳母猪 生产性能 乳成分 

分 类 号：S828.4[农业科学—畜牧学] S828.5[农业科学—畜牧兽医]