桑沟湾贝类筏式养殖与环境相互作用研究  

Studies on the interaction between shellfish long-line culture and environment in Sungo Bay

作　　者：蒋增杰[1] 方建光[1] 门强[1] 王巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《南方水产》2006年第1期23-29,共7页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30271021)

摘　　要：2003年6~10月和2004年3月利用YSI6600多参数水质监测仪和SD6000全自动海流计以及石膏块对桑沟湾扇贝筏式养殖区养殖设施内外、扇贝养殖笼内外部分环境参数(pH、DO、叶绿素a、海流)的动态变化进行了系统研究。实验结果表明:(1)扇贝筏式养殖区内外流速及叶绿素a浓度衰减显著:经过20排筏架(约105m)后,养殖区内的海水平均流速由区外的7·50±5·29降到5·28±3·23cm·s^(-1),降低了29·6%,区内外海流的主流向没有显著改变;进入养殖系统的叶绿素a浓度由2·48降低到了1·19μg·L^(-1),减少了52%;养殖区内的pH和溶解氧与区外相比变化不大;(2)扇贝养殖笼内外环境因子发生显著的变化:2003年7月1日养殖笼内外水交换率可达80·5%,1个月后下降到只有23·6%;2004年10月份养殖笼内叶绿素a浓度降低到仅有1·57μg·L^(-1),较之笼外的4·20μg·L^(-1)来说,减少了62·6%;养殖笼外pH基本保持在8·0左右,笼内的pH却一直趋于下降趋势,到9月份降到了最低值7·46;在附着生物附着盛期的8、9月份,笼内溶解氧最低值降低到了5·13mg·L^(-1),比起笼外的7·04mg·L^(-1)来说,减少了27·1%。Field experiments were carried out from June to October of 2003 and March of 2004 to monitor some environmental factors such as water velocity, pH, dissolved oxygen inside and outside scallop culture lantern net and long-line culture area by using YSI6600 water quality monitoring instrument, SD6000 automatic water velocity and gypsum in Sungo Bay. The results showed ： （ 1 ） the average seawater velocity inside the lease area were decreased from 7. 50 ± 5. 29 to 5.28 ± 3. 23cm·s^-1） decreased by 29. 6%. And the average chlorophyll a concentration was decreased from 2.48 to 1.19 ）μg·L^-1, decreased：by 52%. （2） The average chlorophyll a concen-tration was 4. 13 and 4. 60 μg·L^-1 respectively for the water samples inside and outside the lantern nets at the beginning, but decreased to 1.57 and 4. 20 μg·L^-1 respectively in the end. pH kept stabile outside the lantern nets, but it declined continuously inside, and reached the lowest value （7. 46） in September. During the blooming period of fouling organisms, there was significant difference of dissolved oxygen outside and inside the nets. Compare to 7. 04 mg·L^-1 outside the lantern nets, the dissolved oxygen inside is only 5.13 mg·L^-1, decreased by 27. 1%.

关 键 词：筏式养殖 环境因子 相互作用 桑沟湾 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S967.7[农业科学—水产养殖]