石油污染对海洋生物的影响  

Effect of oil pollution on marine organism

作　　者：王晓伟[1] 李纯厚[1] 沈南南[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所

出　　处：《南方水产》2006年第2期76-80,共5页South China Fisheries Science

摘　　要：海洋环境中的石油污染源包括自然和人为2种类型,人为污染是造成海洋污染的主要原因。石油由于物质组成、化学结构和分子量的差异对海洋生物造成的毒害也不尽相同。海洋中的各种生物对石油污染的耐受力也显示出明显差异,研究表明,底栖生物的耐受力最强,一些植物也能在较短的时间内恢复到污染前的水平,鱼类和浮游动物对这种毒害较为敏感,但部分污染区渔场出现反常现象令人迷惑。The pollution sources of petroleum in the marine environment include natural and man-made ones, and man-made source is the major one which impact marine ecology and fishery. Crude and refined oil have different compositor, chemical instructor and molecular mass. So their toxicity to the marine creature is different. The endurance of marine organism to the petroleum pollution is also different. Benthic organism can endure much more high concentration of petroleum. Some plants can restore the level of pro-pollution in a short time. The fish and zooplanktons are sensitive to the oil pollution. But some abnormal phenomena were found in some fishing grounds that puzzled us.

关 键 词：石油污染 毒性 海洋生物 危害 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X503.225