利用锥形量热仪研究不同含水率的树种枯落物燃烧性  

Combustibility of Litters of Three Woody Species with Different Water Contents by Cone Calorimeter

作　　者：周国模[1] 周宇峰[1] 余树全[2] 白尚斌[2] 卢凤珠[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江林学院环境科技学院,临安311300 [2]浙江林学院林业与生物技术学院,临安311300 [3]浙江林学院工程学院,临安311300

出　　处：《林业科学》2008年第5期96-101,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：浙江省林业厅重点招标项目(04A02);杭州市科技局重大招标项目(20052112A11)

摘　　要：利用锥形量热仪对木荷、马尾松和杉木3个树种的叶子和小枝枯落物在10%、15%、20%、25%、30%5种不同含水率条件下的燃烧性进行测定,比较它们在不同含水率下的燃烧特性变化情况。不同的含水率是通过枯落物中叶子和小枝绝干后精确加水后获得的。枯叶和小枝分别选择20kW.m-2和30kW.m-2的辐射强度。结果表明:木荷落叶与小枝在含水率小于15%时着火感应时间(TTI)比马尾松和杉木叶子和小枝更短,更易燃。而含水率大于20%时木荷落叶与小枝着火感应时间比马尾松和杉木叶和小枝长,不易燃烧。木荷落叶与小枝热释放速率(HRR)和总释放热(HTR)均比马尾松和杉木的释放热量速度慢,释放热量少。表明木荷枯落物中的叶子和小枝比马尾松和杉木的难燃且释放热量少,木荷比马尾松、杉木抗火性强,适宜于作防火林带树种。Combustion properties of litter of Schima superba, Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata with different water contents were tested with a cone calorimeter. The water contents were set as 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% . The different water contents in the litter were obtained by accurately adding water into the absolutely dried litter. The leaves and small branches of litter was subjected to the heat radiation respectively at 20 kW· m^- 2 and 30 kW· m^- 2. The results showed that the igniting time（TFI） of Schima superba litter was shorter than that of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata, when water content was less than 15 %, which demonstrated that the litter of Schima superba with lower water content was more inflammable. However, when the Water Content was more than 20 %, the igniting time of Schima superba litter was longer than that of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata. The heat release rate（HRR） and total heat release（THR） of litter of Schima superba at the same condition were slower and less than that of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata. The results demonstrated that Schima superba was suitable to be used as the fire breaks.

关 键 词：锥形量热仪 枯落物 含水率 燃烧性 

分 类 号：S762.3[农业科学—森林保护学]