合浦珠母贝3个家系的AFLP标记分离与遗传多样性研究  

Genetic segregation of AFLP markers and genetic diversity in three F_1 families of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata

作　　者：王小玉[1] 喻达辉[1] 黄桂菊[1] 郭奕惠[1] 杜博[1] 龚世园[2] 王爱民[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]海南大学海洋学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《南方水产》2007年第5期54-60,共7页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2002B2150101);广东省自然科学基金项目(037148)

摘　　要：对AFLP标记在合浦珠母贝（Pinctada fucata）印度家系（印度贝♀×印度贝♂，PII）、杂交家系（三亚贝♀×印度贝♂，PSI）和三亚家系（三亚贝♀×三亚贝♂，PSS）的遗传分离及3个家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。3对引物共产生57个位点，分离位点比例为57．4％～87．7％，符合孟德尔规律的分离位点为70．0％～71．0％；1：1分离位点占总分离位点的24．0％～45．2％，其中杂交家系的比例最高。3个家系的多态位点比例为93．0％～100．0％，总基因多样性为0．460。家系内的基因多样性为PII0．434，PSI0．331，PSS0．366，平均为0．377±0．030。家系间的遗传分化显著（GST=0．180）。遗传距离分析表明，PSI与PSS之间的遗传距离最大（0．157），PII与PSS之间的遗传距离最小（0．121）。UPGMA系统树表明，PII和PSS的亲缘关系较近，而PSI与这2个家系较远。上述结果表明，第一代家系的遗传多样性仍很高，但家系之间的遗传分化较大。该研究结果对育种过程中遗传资源管理具有一定指导作用。Genetic segregation of AFLP markers in three Pinctadafucata families, i.e. Indian family （Indian ♀ × Indian ♂ , PII）, hybrid family （ Sanya ♀ × Indian ♂ , PSI） and Sanya family （ Sanya ♀ × Sanya ♂ , PSS） as well as their genetic variation was investigated. Three pairs of primers generated 57 loci, among which 57.4% ～ 87.7% were segregated in F1. The proportion of loci segregated in Mendelian ratio over segregated loci ranged from 70. 0% to 71.0% , of which 24. 0% N45.2% segregated in 1 ： 1 ratio. Hybrid family had the highest ratio of 1 ： 1 segregating markers. The proportion of polymorphic loci was 93.0% N 100. 0% for the three families using 0.95 criterion. An overall genetic diversity （HT） was 0. 460 and within-family genetic diversities （hs） were 0. 434, 0. 331, 0. 366 for families PII, PSI, PSS, respectively, with an average of 0. 377 ± 0. 030 （ HS ）. Genetic differentiation among the three families was significant （GST =0. 180） . Analysis of genetic distances showed that Sanya family PSS was most distant from hybrid family PSI （0. 157） while nearest to the Indian family PII （0. 121 ）. The UPGMA tree indicated that the two pure families PII and PSS were closely related and grouped together. These observations indicated that genetic variation in F1 family is high while genetic differentiation among families is great and significant. These findings shall be useful in management of genetic resources during breeding of pearl oysters.

关 键 词：合浦珠母贝家系 AFLP分子标记 基因多样性 遗传分化 

分 类 号：Q753[生物学—分子生物学]