耕作制度对甘薯地土壤线虫群落结构的影响  

Effect of Cropping Systems on Nematode Community Structure in Sweet Potato Field

作　　者：海棠[1] 彭德良[2] 曾昭海[1] 武保悦[3] 金凤柱[1] 胡跃高[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094 [3]河北科技师范学院,河北昌黎066000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2008年第6期1851-1857,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAD02A15);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAD15B02)

摘　　要：【目的】通过研究不同耕作制度对甘薯地土壤线虫群落结构的影响,探索以土壤线虫为指示生物评价不同耕作制度下甘薯地土壤健康状况的敏感指标。【方法】试验中对不同耕作制度下土壤线虫群落Shannon多样性指数、SR指数、J指数、成熟度指数及土壤线虫群落相似性指数进行分析。【结果】连作甘薯地极优势属为植物寄生茎线虫属(Ditylenchus),轮作、休闲状态下极优势属为头叶线虫属(Cephalobus)、真头叶线虫属(Eucephalobus),滑刃(Aphelenchoides)和真滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchus)。连作甘薯和轮作玉米地同一土层线虫属数量间没有显著差异,线虫数量间有显著差异。连作使PPI、PPI/MI值增高,WI、∑MI、MI值降低,轮作可使PPI、PPI/MI值降低WI、∑MI、MI值增高。【结论】不同耕作制度改变土壤线虫群落在土壤剖面的垂直分布,∑MI指数、MI指数、PPI和PP/MI值、WI值可作为甘薯地土壤健康评价的敏感指标,相似性指数可反映不同耕作制度下土壤线虫群落间相似及相异程度。【Objective】 Effects of different cropping systems on nematode communities were studied to explore whether soil nematode communities can be used as bioindicators to evaluate the effects of different cropping systems on soil health. 【Method】 The Shannon diversity index,SR index,J index,maturity index,and comparability index of soil nematode were analyzed under different cropping systems. 【Result】The results indicated that Ditylenchus was the dominant genera under cropping system,but under rotations and fallows,Cephalobus,Eucephalobus,Aphelenchoides,and Aphelenchus were the dominant genera. The total number of nematodes was significant between the rotations and the continuous at the same soil layer,but the nematodes category was not. Continuous cropping increased the index of PPI and PPI/MI,and decreased the index of WI,∑MI and MI. But under rotations,the index of them was reverse. 【Conclusion】 Different cropping systems change the distribution of nematodes communities at uprightness soil layer,and the index of nematode communities PPI,PPI/MI,WI,∑MI and MI can be used as indicators to evaluate soil health. Similar index communities can reflect the same and the difference of nematode in the soil.

关 键 词：甘薯地 耕作制度 线虫群落 结构 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学] S154.3