龙游石窟砂岩风化特征研究  

STUDY OF WEATHERING CHARACTERISTICS OF SANDSTONE AT LONGYOU GROTTOES

作　　者：李黎[1] 王思敬[1] 谷本親伯[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]大阪大学地球综合工学系,日本大阪

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2008年第6期1217-1222,共6页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划“大遗址保护关键技术研究与开发”重点项目“土遗址保护关键技术研究”(2006BAK30B02)

摘　　要：风化是龙游石窟保护和向游人开放参观时所面临的主要病害和急待解决的问题。在对浙江省龙游石窟砂岩岩矿分析、泥质胶结物中黏土矿物和地表、洞室渗水分析研究的基础上,模拟石窟客观环境条件,对石窟砂岩在盐溶液中反复浸泡,进行加速风化试验。其试验研究方法是,设置NaCl,Na2SO4饱和溶液和蒸馏水作为对比试验的浸泡液,将石窟砂岩试样在浸泡液中进行反复浸泡–干燥循环试验,每次试样干燥后测定其弹性波速。试验研究表明:Na2SO4,NaCl等可溶盐的参与,大大加速砂岩的风化速度;在洞室的渗水中所含SO 42?,C l?等离子的浓度越高,加速砂岩风化速度的作用越明显;SO 24?较C l?加速砂岩风化的作用更大。An ancient relics near ground surface rock cavern group was found in Longyou County, Zhejiang Province. The 24 large caverns were excavated 2 000 years ago. The finding of the Longyou Grottoes attracts the attentions of the scholars in the world. Researches have been done to find out the characters and the structures of the mineral in sandstone clay, i.e. montmorillonite in the Longyou Grottoes, to learn the different solubilities of different minerals, to measure the surface area of the rock meeting the water（namely, the porosity ratio）, and to find out the chemical character of the water which has the action on the rock so as to prove the caves under the water to be comparatively stable. Based on the analysis of the mineral composition, the clay minerals in bonded clay, the surface water and the seepage at Longyou Grottoes in Zhejiang Province, the researches on weathering rate of sandstone immersed by different salting liquids in sequence are carried out. The saturated solutions of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate are prepared as contrasts to the distilled water to immerse the sandstone samples that are subjected to certain cycles of immersion and drying. The elastic wave velocity is obtained each time when the sandstone is dried. The weathering rate is proved to be in good correlation with the decrease of elastic wave velocity.

关 键 词：岩石力学 龙游石窟 砂岩 风化 弹性波速 

分 类 号：TU443[建筑科学—岩土工程]