前裂长管茧蜂个体发育研究  

Ontogenesis of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata(Ashmead)(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)

作　　者：邵屯[1] 刘春燕[1] 陈科伟[1] 曾玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学昆虫生态研究室,广州510642

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2008年第2期147-152,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2002CB111400);农业部2007年农作物病虫害疫情监测与防治项目;广东省科技计划项目(2005A20401001)

摘　　要：前裂长管茧蜂Diachasmimorpha longicaudata（Ashmead）是许多双翅目实蝇类害虫的重要寄生性天敌。在实验室条件下，以桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis（Hendel）为繁育寄主，系统观测了前裂长管茧蜂个体发育过程中各虫态的特征及其相应的发育历期。观察结果表明，前裂长管茧蜂整个生活史由卵、幼虫、蛹及成虫四个阶段组成。其幼虫可划分为四个龄期，一龄幼虫具几质丁的坚硬头壳和镰刀状的颚，形态特征与行为习性与二、三、四龄幼虫完全不同。前裂长管茧蜂约需20天完成世代发育。卵、一龄幼虫、二龄幼虫、三龄幼虫及四龄幼虫的历期依次为1．91、2．02、1．75、2．04和2．31d；蛹的历期介于8～10d，雌性个体发育时间长于雄性。前裂长管茧蜂通常比未被寄生的寄主迟3～5d羽化，雌、雄蜂在羽化后即能交配、产卵，被寄生的桔小实蝇幼虫体表上会留下明显的深褐色产卵孔，寄主化蛹后产卵孔仍保留在其蛹壳上。The life history of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata is composed of egg, larva, pupa and adult. Reared with the larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis, the wasp eggs hatched .in two days and developed through four larval instars, and the adult wasp emerged from the host pupa. Larva in the first instar had chitinized and brownish head, and bore a pair of sickle-like mandibles, which distinguished the first instar larva from the 2^nd, 3^rd, and 4^th instar larva in morphologic characters and behaviour. The life period from egg （laid in the 3^rd instar larvae of B. dorsalis） required about 20 days at 26℃ , RH 70% to develop into adults. The development time of egg was 1.91 day, and the larva in the first, second, third and fourth instar were 2.02, 1.75, 2. 04 and 2.31 days, respectively. The development time of pupae was from 8 to 10 days, depends on its sex. D. longicaudata usually emerged 3 to 5 days later compared to the non-parasited hosts. Copulation took place most frequently during the first few days after emergence. Ovipostion holes could be observed on the skin of parasitized hosts, whether it was larva or pupa.

关 键 词：前裂长管茧蜂 桔小实蝇 个体发育 

分 类 号：S467[农业科学—植物保护]