五类水体污染物质的偏振高光谱遥感实验研究  

Recognizing Pollutant in Water by High-spectral Reflectance and Polarization Information

作　　者：郑超蕙[1] 刘雪华[1] 何炜琪[1] 陈吉宁[1] 赵永超[2] 周冠华[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084 [2]中国科学院遥感应用研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《遥感信息》2008年第3期15-21,共7页Remote Sensing Information

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“定量遥感应用的几个关键问题研究”,实施项目编号:KZCX3-SW-338

摘　　要：近年来高光谱遥感技术的发展极大地提高了水质指标的遥感估测精度。同时人们在通过目标的反射辐射推断目标的状态时发现，辐射中还存在另外一种丰富的潜在信息亟待研究与利用，这就是偏振光遥感信息。本文以条件稳定、可控的室内光谱实验为基础，配置铜绿微囊藻、氯化铵、硝酸钾、磷酸氢二钾和苯甲酸五个单一物质3个浓度梯度的溶液，象征性地代表叶绿素a、氨氮、硝氮、溶磷、COD五项常用水质指标，并测量获得它们的光谱偏振信息，以图形分析为主要手段，从常规光谱信息分析和偏振特征分析等方法分析各指标在350～1000nm范围内的光谱信息。研究结果表明，在常规遥感光谱中，仅有纯藻溶液和氯化铵溶液有显著响应，并可能实现其浓度反演。在偏振特征分析时发现，纯藻和氯化铵溶液的偏振振幅与空白样有明显差异，可以提高指标识别精度，磷酸氢二钾溶液也有部分特征体现，而对于硝酸钾和苯钾酸两种溶液则没有显著效果。对偏振信息的探测在一定程度上提高了部分指标的识别精度。In recent years,the development and application of high-spectral remote sensing technology raised the precision of remote sensing of water quality. The radiation reflection from the water surface gives rich potential information, which is polarized light. Based on the stable and controllable experiment, this paper made solutions of Microcystis aeruginosa, NH4Cl, KNO3, K2HPO4 and Benxoic Acid, to represent respectively chlorophyll-a, NH4-N, NO3-N, soluble phosphorus and COD for spectral experiments. The paper collected both the spectral reflectance and polarization information. Using graphical analysis as the leading method, this paper analyzed the conventional spectral and optical polarization characteristics of each indicator at the wavelength range of 350-1000 nm. The results showed that （i） the using of conventional remote sensing can identify chlorophyll-a and NH4-N well, and therefore can achieve their simulation; （ii） but it was difficult to identify other matters; （iii） through analyzing the polarization of optical, it was found that there was a significant difference with Chlorophyll-a, NH4-N and control which can enhance the accuracy of identification. （iv） while faintness results were obtained for K2HPO4 and no significant results for KNO3 and Benxoic Acid.

关 键 词：偏振遥感 水质指标 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]