强化栽培条件下施肥对杂交水稻主要米质性状的影响  

Effects of Fertilizer Application on Grain Quality of Hybrid Rice under Cultivation of System of Rice Intensification(SRI)

作　　者：张甲 谢必武[2] 晏承兴 黄仁军 谭建国 李承端 

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡农业科学研究所,重庆万州404001 [2]重庆三峡职业学院,重庆万州404001 [3]重庆市万州区农业局,重庆万州404000

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2008年第3期57-62,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家科技部“三峡库区优质稻产业化综合技术开发”资助项目(K2000-09-04)

摘　　要：以优质杂交水稻组合D优3232为材料,应用四元二次正交回归旋转组合设计的方法,研究了强化栽培条件下不同氮肥、磷肥、钾肥和硅肥用量配比对主要稻米品质性状直链淀粉含量、垩白粒率和整精米率的影响,建立了主要米质性状与4种肥料用量的回归模型。结果表明,在本试验条件下,磷肥用量是影响直链淀粉含量、垩白粒率、整精米率的主要因素,氮肥与硅肥对直链淀粉含量、垩白粒率以及磷肥与硅肥对垩白粒率均具有显著的互作效应。最佳氮、磷、钾、硅肥组合方案为：尿素171.60-195.90kg/hm^2、过磷酸钙283.35-393.30kg/hm^2、氯化钾102.30-122.70kg/hm^2、硅肥138.30-158.33kg/hm^2;按此施肥方案,在强化栽培条件下,D优3232的主要稻米品质性状可达到国标优质稻谷质量标准。Four factors, i.e. , applying amount of nitrogen （ x1 ）, phosphate （ x2 ）, potassium （ x3 ） and silicon（ x4 ） fertilizers, were chosen to study on their main effects and interaction on grain quality traits of the fine quality hybrid rice combination D You 3232 under the cultivation of System of Rice Intensification （SRI）, using quadratic orthogonal rotating combinatorial design. The regression models of the major grain quality traits including amylose content, chalky rice percentage and head rice recovery to the dosages of the four fertilizers were established. The results showed that the most important factor in this experiment was phosphate, which had a significant main effect on the grain quality traits of amylose content, chalky rice percentage and head rice recovery. In addition, it was also found that there existed significant interaction effects on amylose content and chalky rice percentage between nitrogen and silicon fertilizers and on chalky rice percentage between phosphate and silicon fertilizers. The optimal fertilizing pattern based on this study was： applying 171.60 -195.90 kg/hm^2 of urine, 283.35 - 393.30 kg/hm^2 of calcium superphosphate, 102.30 - 122.70 kg/hm^2 of potassium chloride and 138.30 - 158.33 kg/hm^2 of silicon fertilizer. With this fertilizing pattern, the major grain quality characters of D You 3232 could reach the national fine quality standards of rice under the cultivation of SRI.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 强化栽培 稻米品质 优化施肥 

分 类 号：S511.06[农业科学—作物学] S147.2