预处理对废弃活性污泥中细胞破碎和有机物质溶出的影响  

Effect of pretreatment methods on breaking up bacteria and solubilization of organic substances in waste activated sludge

作　　者：盛宇星[1] 曹宏斌[1] 李玉平[1] 张懿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所

出　　处：《化工学报》2008年第6期1496-1501,共6页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20607023);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB2003)~~

摘　　要：废弃活性污泥(WAS)的生物处理效率直接取决于WAS中各种有机物的生物可降解性。为此需要对污泥进行预处理以提高污泥的生物消解效率。本文研究了碱处理、热处理、超声处理以及耦合处理对细胞内及胞外总有机物(TCOD)、多糖、细胞DNA等溶出行为的影响,并通过实验结果对3种预处理方法的处理行为进行了探讨。结果发现,热处理中,污泥中细胞破碎和有机物的溶出效果最好,热量在污泥中的传递效率决定热处理的效果。超声处理对污泥分散效果最好,超声效应首先容易发生在污泥中胞外聚合物(EPS)上。碱处理能够较好地削减污泥,并促进污泥溶液中的多糖进一步水解。The efficiency of treating waste activated sludge（WAS） by biologic methods is connected with efficiency of digesting the organic substances in WAS.In order to enhance the digestion rate of WAS, it needs to be pretreated.In this study, the effects of several pretreatment methods, including thermal, alkaline, ultrasonic and combined methods, on the solubilization of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, carbohydrates and DNA in WAS were investigated.It was found that the process of thermal pretreatment was the best in breaking up bacteria, and the effects of thermal pretreatment were related to the efficiency of heat transfer in the sludge.Ultrasonic pretreatment was the best in disintegration of WAS, and ultrasonic effects occurred more easily in extracellular polymeric substance （EPS）.Alkaline pretreatment could reduce WAS well, and it could accelerate the hydroxylation of carbohydrates.

关 键 词：废弃活性污泥 碱预处理 超声预处理 热处理 

分 类 号：X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]