俄罗斯银行业改革与发展(1988-2007):动荡、危机到稳定  

Reform and Development of Russian Bank Industry (1988-2007): Turbulence,Crisis and Stability

作　　者：庄起善[1] 窦菲菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院世界经济系,上海200433

出　　处：《学术交流》2008年第5期58-65,共8页Academic Exchange

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"转型国家金融开放与银行体系稳定性的比较研究";教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"转型经济国家银行业改革和发展的比较研究"

摘　　要：俄罗斯的社会经济转轨已经走过了将近20个年头,而银行业作为经济的核心,其改革和发展过程就是俄罗斯社会经济变革的一个缩影。俄罗斯转型的明显特征体现在"两阶段"上,20世纪90年代叶利钦掌权时期采用"休克疗法",奉行经济新自由主义,强调市场本身的力量,国家全面撤出对经济的控制,结果使俄罗斯陷入持久的衰退,饱受转型阵痛之苦,人民生活水平急剧下降。进入新世纪,普京接过总统的权杖,俄罗斯的发展掀开了崭新的一页。普京总统崇尚国家权力,重视国家宏观调控的作用,加强了政府对经济改革的影响和介入,强调"可控制的市场经济",更倾向于一种渐进式的改革方式,同时也进一步推进金融领域的整顿、重组与改革。近年来,俄罗斯经济保持了持续的高速增长,这其中固然有卢布贬值、国际油价飙升带来的发展契机,而走出动荡与危机的银行业逐渐实现了稳定,这也是推动宏观经济增长的一个重要因素。Russia has undergone transformation of society and economy for almost 20 years. Bank industry as the core of economy became a miniature during the process. Characteristics of the change are shown in two stages： in his ruling period of 1990s, Yeltsin adopted “shock therapy”, pursued neo -liberalism in economy, and stressed adjustment of market rather than whole control of state. Consequently, Russia was involved in sustainable economic recession and rapid decrease of living standard. After his taking office at the beginning of a new century, Putin held up state power, strengthened a controllable market economy via government inter- vention and propelled the regroup and rectification of financial fields, promoting reform in a progressive way Russia ushered in a new era. In recent years, Russia has kept a rapid growth, taking advantage of Ruble depreciation and rocket - up of world oil price. Bank industry walked out of turbulence and crisis, and gradually ensured its stability, which is another factor of propelling macro - economic growth.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 银行业动荡 银行业危机 银行业稳定 

分 类 号：F13[经济管理—世界经济]