重庆茅庵林场火烧迹地早期恢复植被特征研究  

Characteristics of Vegetation at Its Early Recovery Stage in the Burned Areas in Maoan Forestry Centre of Chongqing

作　　者：严超龙[1] 陶建平[1] 汤爱仪[1] 梁琴[1] 刘欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第5期140-144,共5页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：科技部十一五科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD03A1006-3);三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目

摘　　要：通过对重庆市北碚区茅庵林场马尾松林,杉木林和常绿阔叶林3种群落火烧1年后的迹地以及未火烧林地的群落学调查,研究了高强度火干扰后不同群落早期恢复植被特征.结果表明:马尾松(Pinus massoniana)抵抗火干扰能力较差,只有少量个体在火烧迹地存活;杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)具有在火干扰导致地上部分死亡后产生萌枝的能力,在火烧迹地内存活数量多;不同常绿阔叶树种抵抗火干扰能力不同,光叶山矾(Symplocos lancifoli)和油茶(Camellia oleifera)在火烧迹地内存活数量较多.3种群落火烧迹地存活的优势树种以及所有树种的个体密度大小均表现为杉木林>常绿阔叶林>马尾松林(p<0.01).与未火烧林地相比,火烧迹地内阳生木本植物幼苗物种种数增加.各群落火烧迹地草本植物盖度均大于未火烧林地,蕨(Pteridium aquilinum)和小白酒(Conyza canadensis)成为草本优势种.Based on a field investigation, the early recovery vegetation characteristics of Pinus massoniana forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest, which had been burned severely one year before, in Maoan Forestry Centre of Chongqing were analyzed. The results showed that for its weak resistance to fire disturbance, P. massoniana had only a small number of individuals surviving in the burned field, while C. lanceolata was more tolerant to fire disturbance and retained the capacity of sprouting after its above-ground 15art died and, therefore, a fairly large number of individuals survived in the burned field. The fire tolerance of evergreen broad-leaved trees varied with species. The number of Symplocos lancifoli and Camellia oleifera individuals Was comparatively large in the burned field. Densities of the dominant species and all species in the three communities appeared in the sequence of SF〉BF〉MF （p 〈0.01）. Compared with the unburned field, species number of woody heliophilous plant seedlings increased in the burned field. The coverage of herbaceous plants increased in the burned field of each community. Pteridium aquilinum and Conyza canadensis have become the dominant species of herbs.

关 键 词：火干扰 植被恢复 马尾松林 杉木林 常绿阔叶林 

分 类 号：S762.1[农业科学—森林保护学]