煤矿瓦斯爆炸人员死亡原因及减少死亡措施  

The fatality reason of gas explosion in coal mine and measures for reducing life loss

作　　者：王宝兴[1] 经建生[1] 

机构地区：[1]公安部天津消防研究所,天津300381

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2008年第6期391-395,共5页Fire Science and Technology

摘　　要：分析了黑龙江省七台河东风煤矿死亡171人的爆炸事故。根据第一采煤区人员全部死亡及该巷道与认为发生煤尘爆炸的出煤巷道夹角最小的相对位置,按照爆炸泄放规律判断这不是煤尘爆炸事故,认为是第一采煤区发生瓦斯突出(突出量≥200m3),形成的可爆瓦斯—空气混气段仍在巷道内运动,由非本质安全型电气设备复电产生火源引起的瓦斯爆炸。爆炸产生非常巨大空间(巷道长3000m)的无氧区,造成该区内或逃入该区内的人员窒息死亡,这也是2004年以来特大瓦斯爆炸事故大量人员死亡的原因。烟气流动模拟试验给出了爆炸后井下人员最佳求生策略,每位井下工作人员配备一台自呼吸器是减少死亡的最佳措施。The gas explosion accident occurred in Dongfeng Mine of Qitaihe City Heilongjiang Province and left 171 people dead was analyzed in this paper. Based on the fact that no survivor in No. 1 coal raining area and the relative position of minimum angle between roadway of No. 1 coal-raining area and haulage roadway where coal powder explosion might occur, combined with rule of explosion venting, the accident could not be coal dust explosion accident. The gas explosion was induced by the spark produced by restart of not intrinsicallysafe electrical equipments when the gas-air mixture produced by gas outburst from No. 1 coal-mining area （outburst amount 200 ma） was moving in the roadways. The explosion produced a large oxygen-starved area where the men were asphyxiated. This was the reason for large loss of life in this big gas explosion accident since 2004. The results of smoke flow simulation showed the best survival strategy for the men trapped in the mine. And the best measure for reducing life loss was equipped a self-respirator for each man working in the mine,

关 键 词：煤矿 瓦斯爆炸 体积分数 无氧区 死亡原因 措施 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X932.1