利用胚胎冷冻法保护马头山羊地方良种的方法学研究  

Studies on the Methodology of Matou Goat Breed Conservation Using Embryo Cryopreservation Techniques

作　　者：张春艳[1] 吴细波 闻群英[2] 张作仁[2] 孙伟[1] 张颖[1] 熊金洲[2] 朱曾武 滑国华[1] 杨利国[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学动物科技学院,武汉430070 [2]湖北省十堰市畜牧兽医局,十堰442000 [3]郧西县畜牧兽医局,十堰442000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2008年第6期17-22,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家农业成果转化基金项目(4002-062004);湖北省农业科技创新基金(2007-620);湖北省科技攻关项目(2006AA205A03)

摘　　要：为了研究利用胚胎冷冻技术保护马头山羊品种的可行性,以及探讨最佳的保种方案,该研究结合品种标准和分子标记辅助选择技术,选择25只有代表性的马头山羊母羊进行超数排卵、胚胎冷冻及移植研究。结果表明,INHA基因在马头山羊有多态位点,GG型供体母羊超排后只均获胚胎数(15.75±0.42)和只均可用胚胎数(14.90±0.38)均最高(P>0.05);中等膘情、上胎产4羔以上的母羊超排效果最好(P<0.05),可用胚胎率达94%以上;P4+LHRH-A3组超排后只均获胚胎15.63枚、只均可用胚胎14.75枚,显著高于对照组(CIDR+FSH+PG)(P<0.05);公母比例1:1、间隔8h本交或人工授精后可用胚胎率达94%以上,能显著提高超排效果(P<0.05),但本交组和人工授精组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);间隔2个月进行重复超排对超排效果无显著影响(P>0.05)。细管玻璃化冷冻解冻后胚胎形态正常率(84.09%)和囊胚发育率(63.51%)显著高于OPS冷冻法(P<0.05);不同解冻方法和解冻时水浴温度对胚胎质量无显著影响(P>0.05)。受体羊经CIDR处理后同期发情率达85.71%,高于孕酮海绵栓处理组(78.57%),经产母羊移植妊娠率(46.67%)高于育成母羊(37.50%),但均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。表明运用胚胎冷冻法保护马头山羊品种资源是可行的,并探讨了一套最优化的操作规程。To study the feasibility of protecting Matou goat breed resource using embryo cryopreservation method and find the optimal process of superovulation,embryo cryopreservation and transfer,25 healthy Matou does selected on the basis of the breed standard and molecular maker associated selection technique were studied in the present study. Results showed that one mutation of follicular inhibin gene （INHA） was detected in Matou goat,the average number of embryos collected （15.75±0.42） and the number of useful embryos per superovulation of doe （14.90±0.38） with GG genotype were higher than those of animals with AG or AA genotype （P〉0.05）. Donors with medium body condition or kidding more than 4 kids at previous kidding had the best superovulation response （P〈0.05）,and the rate of the useful embryo was more than 94%. The average number of embryos collected and the number of useful embryos per superovulation in combination with LHRH-A3 and P4 were 15.63 and 14.75,respectively,compared to the basic superovulation method of CIDR＋FSH＋PG （P〈0.05）. Natural mating twice with a buck or artificial insemination at interval of 8 hs might significantly improve the superovulation response （P〈0.05）,in the rate of useful embryo more than 94%,but no significant difference was observed between artificial insemination and natural mating （P〉0.05）. Repeat superovulation at interval of 2 months had no significant effect on the superovulation response （P〉0.05）.Embryo normoplasia rate and blastocyst developmental rate using straw vitrification freezing were 84.09% and 63.51%,and significant higher than those using OPS vitrification freezing method （P〈0.05）; Different thawing method and bath temperature at thawing did not significantly affect the embryo quality （P〉0.05）. The rate of synchronization of estrus using CIDR （85.71%） was higher than that using progesterone sponge plug methods （46.67%） （P〉0.05）. The pregnancy rate of multifarious recipients （46.67%） w

关 键 词：马头山羊 品种保护 分子标记辅助选择 超数排卵 胚胎冷冻 

分 类 号：S814.8[农业科学—畜牧学]