精密全站仪标称精度的实现途径之二——角度测量精度的保障  

The second way to realize the nominal accuracy of the precision electronic tachometer

作　　者：蒋利龙[1] 杜向锋[1] 王宇会[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学测绘工程系,广东广州510006

出　　处：《测绘工程》2008年第3期46-49,共4页Engineering of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(05001833)

摘　　要：大气折射是角度测量的主要误差源,也是实现精密全站仪标称精度的主要障碍。文中通过分析大气对角度测量精度的影响,讨论了利用气象元素直接计算大气垂直折光角和利用对向EDM三角高程测量结果反演大气垂直折光角的方法,同时还讨论了观测垂直角的适宜时间问题。采用这些方法能够有效地削减大气折射对垂直角观测结果的影响,保证垂直角测量的精度。Atmospheric refraction is the main source of angle measurement error, and the main obstruct to realize the nominal accuracy of the precision electronic tachometer too. This paper analyzes the influences exerted by atmosphere on the precision of vertical angle measurement, discusses the methods to calculate the atmospheric vertical refraction angle directly by the meteorological parameters and inversely calculate the refraction angle by the results of the direct and reversed EDM trigonometric leveling. The optimum time for precise vertical angle observation is also discussed in the paper. Utilizing these ways, it can decrease the effect of atmospheric refraction in vertical angle measurement effectively, and ensure the precision of the measurement.

关 键 词：全站仪 标称精度 角度测量 大气折射 

分 类 号：P224[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]