郑州市城市化过程中耕地资源及土壤环境的变化  

Dynamic Changes of Cultivated Land Resources and Soil Environment in Zhengzhou's Urbanization Process

作　　者：李玲[1] 路婕[1] 冯新伟[1] 吕巧灵[1] 韩春建[1] 吴克宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院 [2]中国地质大学土地科学技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《资源科学》2008年第6期949-954,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:“城市化过程对郑州市土壤质量的影响”(编号:40471060);郑州市科技攻关项目:“郑州市土壤质量评价及演变规律的研究”(编号:064SGDN19194);郑州市科技攻关项目:“基于GIS的郑州市农业资源综合数据库的建设”(编号:074STKG21132)

摘　　要：随着城市化进程的不断加快，大量城郊耕地转为建设用地，在耕地数量逐年锐减的同时，耕地土壤环境质量随之变化。本文以郑州市为例，利用1989年-2003年统计资料和2003年采样分析数据，对郑州市耕地资源的数量和土壤环境质量变化进行了研究。结果表明，随着郑州城市化的发展，郑州市耕地数量总体上呈持续递减趋势，年均减少耕地379.78hm^2，年均耕地减少率为0．96％；各区耕地空间变化率相差显著，尤以惠济区耕地数量变化较大；未来耕地数量递减速度将进一步加快，耕地转为建设用地主要分布在郑州市东、北方向，符合郑州市的城市化发展方向。研究还表明，随着城市化的发展，市区扩张对土壤环境影响较为明显，重金属在土壤中的累积逐渐加重，尤其是铬的浓度增加明显，其次是砷，其他重金属元素则轻一些，土壤质量总体呈现下降趋势，其变化趋势在空间上与城市化发展大体一致。Due to rapid urbanization, large amounts of peri-urban cultivated land have been converted to urban land, and soil environmental quality has been degraded. This study is based on the districts affiliated to Zhengzhou City： Jinshui, Zhongyuan, Guancheng, Erqi and Huiji. Data on changes in the quantity of cultivated land was obtained from official statistical yearbooks for 1989 - 2003, and soil environmental quality was estimated using topsoil samples from 2003 to measure heavy metals such as Cd, Hg, Pb, As, and Cr, which was compared to monitoring data from 1995. Results indicate that cultivated land resources have steadily decreased by approximately 379.78hm2/ar, or around 0.96% annually, and based on this trend the reserved cultivated land will total only 31 948hm2. The different periods of change were analyzed, representing two distinct phases. There is spatial variation in the loss of cultivated land, with more rapid loss of cultivated land in Huiji district and the lowest rate of loss in Zhongyuan district. The rate of loss of cultivated land is expected to increase, and most farmland resources will be converted to urban land in the eastern and northern areas of Zhengzhou, due to the process of urbanization. Urban expansion may have a strong influence on Cr, some influence on As, and limited or no influence on the other heavy metals. Heavy metals tend to accumulate in the soil due to urban development. Although overall the soil environmental quality in Zhengzhou is declining, the soil environment quality in the western area has actually improved. The urban area is gradually enlarging with the development of industrialization and urbanization, and the city is expanding towards the north and east, with heavily polluting industrial and commercial centers as well as residential areas moving to suburban areas. Urbanization is the major factor affecting the amount of arable land resources and soil environmental quality, so measures should be taken to protect existing land and soil resources.

关 键 词：城市化 耕地资源 土壤环境质量 动态变化 郑州市 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]