美国东北菜用大豆品种(品系)的农艺表现(英文)  

Field Performance of Vegetable Soybean Varieties(lines) in Northeast USA

作　　者：张秋英[1] Stephen J. HERBERT 潘相文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]麻省大学植物土壤及昆虫科学系,美国麻州01003

出　　处：《大豆科学》2008年第3期409-413,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：Institute’s frontier program(No.07SQY91001);Key Agricultural Project and Part of Innovation Program of CAS(No.KSCX2-YW-N-43,KZCX3-SW-NA3-32).

摘　　要：菜用大豆是一种特殊的大豆，它是在植株生育处于R6或R7时进行采摘，作为食用的大豆。尽管菜用大豆的研究在美国已进行了多年，但仍然只有少数菜用大豆品种可用于商业生产。试验在美国麻省大学作物研究和教育中心对12个菜用大豆品种（品系）的田间的生育表现及销售产量的潜力进行了评价。试验采用随机区组4次重复。研究表明：12个品种中，7个品种（品系）是绿色种皮。品种间始花期，最佳可食期及种子成熟收获期存在明显差异。从50％以上开花期到最佳可食期及种子成熟收获期变化范围为20～45d。晚枝豆的销售产量最高为7971kg·ha^-1，早枝豆的销售产量最低为3122kg·ha^-1。高的销售产量的获得主要是瘪荚率低，籽粒大及2粒荚的比率高。Vegetable soybean is a special soybean harvested after the R6 and before the R7 growth stage as a fresh green bean. Although vegetable soybean research has been conducted for many years in the USA, fewer varieties axe available for commercial production. Twelve vegetable cultivars （lines） were evaluated for their field performance and marketable yield potential at the University of Massachusetts Crop Research and Education Center in Deerfield, Massachusetts,USA. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Seven out of twelve varieties or lines had the green seed color,50% first flowering day, optimum eating day, and harvest maturity were significantly different among varieties. Days from over 50% first flowering to optimum eating day ranged from 20 d to 45 d. The variety ＂late branch bean＂ had the highest marketable yield of 7 971 kg·ha^-1, while the variety ＂early branch bean＂ had the lowest marketable yield of 3 122 kg·ha^-1. A higher marketable yield was mostly due to lower unproductive pod percentage, greater seed size and a greater percentage of 2 - seeded pods.

关 键 词：菜用大豆 销售产量 荚比率 籽粒大小 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]