动力学调控实现单一反应器内亚硝化与硝化过程的互相转化  

Interchange between short-cut nitrification and nitrification in one single reactor by dynamic regulation

作　　者：鲁颐琼[1] 左剑恶[1] 杨洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2008年第7期1265-1271,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家"863"项目重大水专项课题(No2002AA601190)~~

摘　　要：通过动力学调控在单一反应器内实现了亚硝化到硝化再到亚硝化过程的转化．在小试曝气上流式污泥床（Aerated Upflow Sludge Bed，AUSB）反应器中，在20℃、D0为2-mg·L^-1，主要通过调节反应器内的pH值调控氨氧化细菌（AOB）和亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB）比生长速率的相对大小，以无机自配水为进水时，分别在20d和25d内将反应器的亚硝化率（出水中亚硝氮与总硝态氮之比）从95％降低至15％再恢复至95％以上，期间反应器的氨氮去除率基本维持在90％以上；当以实际高氨氮废水为进水时，同样主要通过调节反应器的pH值，分别在30d和23d内实现了反应器的亚硝化率从90％降低至10％再恢复至90％的过程．Interchange between short-cut nitrification and nitrification in one single reactor was achieved by dynamic regulation. In a lab-scale Aerated Upflow Sludge Bed （AUSB） which had been operated under short-cut nitrification status for about 300 days, mainly the pH value in reactor was adjusted in order to regulate the specific growth rate of Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria （AOB） and Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria（NOB） at 20℃ and dissolved oxygen （DO） about 2-4 mg·L^-1. The short-cut nitrification ratio （ the ratio between nitrite and total amount of nitrite and nitrate in the effluent） of the reactor fed by artificial inorganic wastewater containing high-strength ammonia was successfully changed from 90% to 10% and then to 90% within 20 and 25 days respectively, and during the whole process the ammonia removal efficiency of the reactor was maintained above 90%. When the influent was changed to the anaerobic effluent of starch processing wastewater after treatment in a full-scale UASB reactor, and the pH value was similarly adjusted to regulate the specific growth rates of AOB and NOB, the same process of changing the short-cut nitrification ratio （ from 90% decrease to 10% and then recover to 90% ） was also achieved within 30 days and 23 days, respectively.

关 键 词：动力学调控 亚硝化 硝化 亚硝化率 高氨氮废水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]