穗肥施氮量对两优培九枝梗及颖花分化和退化的影响  

Effect of nitrogen levels in spike stage on differentiation and degeneration of branches and spikelet of hybrid rice cultivar Liangyoupeijiu

作　　者：陈惠哲[1] 朱德峰[1] 林贤青[1] 张玉屏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2008年第3期181-185,共5页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项项目(2006C12001);浙江省科技计划项目(2006C34008);浙江省农业综合科技开发推广项目(20076)

摘　　要：以两优培九为材料,大田条件下研究水稻穗肥不同施氮量(0,45,90,135,180 kg/hm2)对颖花和枝梗分化和退化的影响。结果表明,随着穗分化期氮肥增多,结实率呈下降趋势,而每穗一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和每穗粒数先增加后减少。氮素促进水稻穗部二次枝梗的分化数量,也导致二次枝梗退化增多,每穗的二次枝梗分化数和退化数与穗肥施氮量均呈线性正相关,相关系数r分别为0.7752和0.8770。二次枝梗的退化主要发生在穗基部一次枝梗上,增施氮后增加了穗顶部一次枝梗上的二次枝梗退化率;穗肥增施氮素会导致颖花退化数增加。穗分化期不施氮肥处理,其退化的颖花主要发生在稻穗基部的二次颖花,一次颖花退化较少,增施氮素后导致穗顶部一次颖花的退化增多。Effects of different nitrogen levels （0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg/hm^2） in spike stage on differentiation and degeneration of branches and spikelet of hybrid rice eultivar Liangyoupeijiu was studied under the condition of field environment. The results showed that the seed setting rate of the hybrid rice deceased with increasing of nitrogen levels during particle differentiation stage, while numbers of the primary and secondary branches and grain numbers per panicle increased first and decreased later. Nitrogen application could increase differentiation and degeneration of the secondary branches. Relationship of differentiation, degeneration of the secondary branches and nitrogen levels showed a linear positive correlation （r = 0. 7752, 0. 8770, respectively）. The degeneration of the secondary branches mainly occurred on the primary branches of basal panicle. Increasing of nitrogen levels in spike stage increased the degenerate rate of the secondary branches on the top panicle and degenerate number of spikelet. No application of nitrogen on panicle stage, more degenerate florets of the secondary spikelet and less degenerate florets of the primary spikelet occurred. Nitrogen application could cause more degeneration of the primary spikelet on top panicle.

关 键 词：水稻 施氮量 枝梗 颖花量 

分 类 号：S147.22[农业科学—肥料学]