土壤重金属生物毒性研究进展  

The review of heavy metals biotoxicity in soil

作　　者：孙晋伟[1] 黄益宗[2] 石孟春[1] 崔岩山[3] 李小方[2] 招礼军[1] 杜心[2] 高卫国[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,南宁530001 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]中国科学院研究生院资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第6期2861-2869,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(30671204);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作交流资助项目(40620120436);国家863重点资助项目(2007AA061001)~~

摘　　要：世界范围内土壤重金属污染不断加重,由污染所带来的问题以及如何治理污染已经受到人们越来越多的关注。土壤重金属将对土壤生物产生影响,而土壤生物在重金属的胁迫下也会产生不同的响应。综述了国内外近年来土壤重金属生物毒性的研究进展,介绍了土壤重金属污染对陆地生态系统中植物、动物和微生物生长的影响;土壤重金属生物毒性的影响因素;土壤重金属生物毒性的研究方法;土壤重金属生物毒性的预测模型,最后提出了问题和展望。Soil heavy metal contamination concerns both animal and human health, and has been a worldwide problem in recent years. Due to the sensitivity of some soil microorganisms to heavy metal contamination, they have been utilised as biomarkers for the adverse effects of heavy metal contamination in soil. This article reviews the development of heavy metals toxicity to the organisms in the soil in particular the effects of the soil heavy metal pollution on plants, animals and microorganisms in the biogeocenose. The dominant environmental parameters accounting for heavy metals toxicities are summarized, such as： elemental form and bioavailability of heavy metals, pH, organic content of soil, plant species, the activity of animals and microorganisms. Commonly employed methods and predictive toxicity tools such as the Free Ion Activity, Biotic Ligand and Gill Surface Interaction Models are discussed. The article concludes with recommendations for future study of heavy metals and soil health.

关 键 词：重金属 生物毒性 土壤 生物配体模型 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]