酶联免疫吸附试验一步法与二步法在HIV初筛中的应用比较  

Application of one step and two steps ELISA diagnostic Kit in HIV screening

作　　者：何寿国[1] 陈龙菊 杨文杰 

机构地区：[1]广东省茂名市妇幼保健院,广东茂名525000 [2]广东省茂名市中心血站,广东茂名525000 [3]广东省茂名石化医院,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《岭南皮肤性病科杂志》2008年第3期127-129,共3页Southern China Journal of Dermato-Venereology

摘　　要：目的:通过对酶联免疫吸咐试验(ELISA)双抗原夹心一步法和二步法检测人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体的比较,探讨各自特点。方法:对51 230份标本,用双抗原夹心ELISA一步法和二步法试剂双盲检测,初筛阳性标本送广东省艾滋病检测确证中心实验室,采用免疫印迹法进行确证。结果:检测51 230份标本,一步法初筛阳性98例,确证阳性4例,假阳性率0.18%;二步法初筛阳性27例,确证阳性4例,假阳性率0.05%,两法的假阳性率比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:ELISA二步法检测HIV抗体的综合效果优于一步法,更适合于HIV检测的初筛试验。Objective：To compare the characteristics of the one step and two steps ELISA （Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay） diagnostic kit in detecting of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） antibodies. Methods：One step and two steps ELISA diagnostic kits were used to detect 51,230 blood samples, the positive samples were sent to the Lab of Guangdong Province AIDS Detection and Confirmation Center and western blot method was used as a confirmatory test. Results： Of the 98 positive samples in one step method, 4 samples were positive in the confirmatory tests, the false positive rate was 0.18% ; Of the 27 positive samples in two steps methods, 4 cases were positive in confirmatory tests, the false positive rate was 0.04%, the difference between the two methods was significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion ：Two steps method is better than one step method in detecting HIV antibodies and could be recommended for HIV screening.

关 键 词：酶联免疫吸咐试验 HIV初筛 一步法 二步法 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]