区域似大地水准面精化及水利工程应用前景  

Refining of region quasi-geoid and prospect of its application to water conservancy engineering

作　　者：宋雷[1] 黄腾[1] 方剑[2] 周旭华[2] 张绪鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学土木工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所动力大地测量学重点实验室,湖北武汉430077 [3]山东省水利勘测设计院,山东济南250013

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第1期93-96,共4页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40574033;40674013);863计划项目(2006AA092153)

摘　　要：为了从由GPS观测的高程信息中获得GPS观测点的正常高,利用某区域平均分辨率优于5.0′×5.0′的重力数据和GPS/水准数据,EGM96全球重力场模型以及该区域30″×30″数字高程模型并采用移去-恢复技术计算了该区域2.5′×2.5′分辨率似大地水准面模型.该模型内、外符合精度均优于0.060 m,与GPS观测数据相结合可以得到四等及四等以下几何水准精度要求的正常高,真正实现GPS技术在几何和物理意义上的三维定位功能.最后对似大地水准面在水利工程中的应用前景进行了展望,认为GPS平面与高程一体工程控制网为水利工程水准施测困难区域高程测量提供了新的途径.The study was performed to obtain the normal height of GPS observation points from the elevation information of GPS surveying data. With the remove-restore method, a region quasi-geoid model of the resolution 2.5′ × 2.5′ was constructed by using the region gravity data with the nlean resolution superior to 5.0′ × 5.0′, EGM96 global gravity field models, 30″ × 30″digital elevation model, and GPS/leveling data. The inner and outer preeisions of the quasi-geoid model are both superior to 0. 060m. The model combined with GPS surveying data could obtain the normal height meeting the requirement of the geometric leveling precision of the fourth-grade or below. Thus, 3D positioning function of GPS technique in geometric and physical senses was realized. Finally, the further application of the quasi-geoid to water conservancy engineering was prospected. It is considered that GPS plane-height integrated engineering control network provides a new thought for height measurement in the region where the leveling is difficult to be measured in water conservancy engineering.

关 键 词：区域似大地水准面 高程异常 大地高 GPS/水准 水利工程测量 

分 类 号：P224.1[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]