提高水稻抗稻瘟病突变体诱导效率的研究  

Study on Improving Induction Efficiency of Rice Blast Resistance Mutant

作　　者：郑文静 张燕之 王昌华 赵家铭 李晶[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省稻作研究所,沈阳110161 [2]台安县农业技术推广中心,辽宁鞍山114100

出　　处：《北方水稻》2008年第3期17-21,共5页North Rice

摘　　要：为探索提高抗稻瘟病突变体选择效率的育种方法,选取7个水稻品种(组合)以水稻成熟胚为外植体诱导愈伤组织,利用γ射线辐射增加水稻愈伤组织的突变几率,通过稻瘟病粗毒素胁迫培养定向选择抗稻瘟病突变体并进行后代抗病性鉴定。研究结果表明:①不同材料诱导愈伤组织的频率有较大差异;②经过γ射线辐射处理后,愈伤组织在含毒素的培养基上分化成活率得到了提高,通过后代抗病性鉴定发现,这是由于辐射中诱发的抗病性突变引起的。③对愈伤组织进行辐射处理的γ射线剂量以10￣15 Gy为宜,在此剂量范围内不仅可以有效提高愈伤组织的分化率,而且通过后代的抗病性鉴定发现:接受辐射诱变的愈伤组织经含粗毒素的培养基筛选培养后,其后代抗病性变异率很高,大大提高了水稻抗稻瘟病突变体的诱导效率。The ealli were induced using mature embryos of seven rice varieties or combinations as explants. The mutation rate was increased through γ-ray radiation into calli. The blast resistance mutants were selected through crude toxin stress culture and the offsprings were evaluated for blast resistance. The results were as follows： There existed difference of induced calli frequency among different materials; the regeneration rate of calli, after γ-ray treatment, was increased in medium with toxin, in that the blast resistance mutants were induced in radiation; the callus differentiation rate and blast resistance mutation rate would be increased when the γ-ray dose was 10 to 15 Gy.

关 键 词：水稻 抗稻瘟病 辐射 粗毒素 胁迫 

分 类 号：S432.21[农业科学—植物病理学]