苹果腐烂病菌拮抗放线菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and identification of the antagonistic actinomycetes against Valsa mali

作　　者：展丽然[1] 张克诚[2] 冉隆贤[1] 石义萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071001 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《河北林果研究》2008年第2期182-186,共5页Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化项目(05EFN216900354);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD08A02);河北农业大学科研启动基金资助

摘　　要：采用常规方法对广东省中山市采集的土样进行分离,得到放线菌293株。以苹果腐烂病菌为指示菌,通过平板对峙法和管碟法对分离菌株进行筛选。对峙法获得有拮抗效果的放线菌61株,抑菌率在50%以上的有13株,其中Z-6的抑菌率达87.2%;进一步应用管碟法对上述作用明显的菌株进行复筛,抑菌圈直径大于20 mm的菌株6株,其中Z-6菌株产生抑菌圈直径最大,为32.87 mm。抑菌谱测定结果表明,该菌株对小麦全蚀病菌、番茄灰霉病菌和稻瘟病菌抑菌效果最强,抑制率在70%以上。离体枝条测定试验中,该菌株同样表现了一定的防治效果,抑制率达32.9%。最后,本试验还对Z-6的形态特征、培养特征及生理生化特性作了研究,初步鉴定为链霉菌属(Streptomyces)的金色类群(Aureus)。Two hundred and ninety- three actinomycetes were isolated from the soil with conventional isolation method, which collected from Zhongshan city, Guangdong Province. Antagonistic actinomyces against Valsa mali had been separated using pair- culture and cylinder- plate method. Sixty - one strains were gained by pair- culture, and the inhibition rate of 13 strains are above .50%, in which Z- 6 accounted for 87.2%. It gained 6 strains whose antibacterial circle was 32.87 mm by using cylinder - plate method. The inhibition spectrum tests showed that Z - 6 had the best effect on Gaeumannomyces graminis, Botrytiscinerea and Magnaporthe grisea. The inhibition rate was above 70%, in the mensuration of excised twigs, Z - 6 also showed evident effect. The inhibition rate was 32.9%. Based on its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, Z - 6 was identified as the type of Aureus, belonging to the genus of Streptomyces.

关 键 词：苹果腐烂病菌 分离 筛选 鉴定 

分 类 号：S476.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]