地震波能量的衰减及其影响因素  

ATTENUATION OF SEISMIC WAVE ENERGY AND ITS CONSTRAINTS.

作　　者：黄凯[1] 徐群洲[1] 杨晓海[1] 赖仲康 张露菲 

机构地区：[1]地球物理勘探新疆石油管理局地质调查处,高级工程师乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《新疆石油地质》1997年第3期212-216,共5页Xinjiang Petroleum Geology

摘　　要：在实验室内用频谱振幅比较法模拟测试了储集层岩石在高温高压下的弹性波振幅衰减值.弹性波振幅在岩石中的衰减程度受其温压、所含流体性质、流体饱和度、岩石组分、结构等因素的影响.岩石中地震波振幅的衰减量随着压力的增大而减小,随着流体饱和度的增大而增大;弹性波振幅在沉积岩的衰减量大于在火成岩中的衰减量;含气砂岩的弹性波振幅衰减量大于饱含油样品的衰减量,饱含油样品的弹性波振幅衰减量大于饱含水样品的衰减量.这些差异为使用地球物理资料进行油、气、水检测提供了依据.Attenuation of wave amplitude of reservoir rock at simulated high temperature and pressure is measured with spectrum-amplitude comparison mediod in laboratory. Attenuation of elastic wave amplitude in rock is affected by its temperature and pressure, filled fluid properties, fluid saturation, rock composition and structure, etc. . It decreases as the pressure increases and increases as the fluid saturation increases. The attenuation in the sedimentary rock exceeds that of igneous rock. The attenuation in the gas-bearing sands is greater than that of oil-saturated samples which in turn exceeds that of water-saturated samples. These differences make it possible to carry out oil, water and gas detection with the geophysical data.

关 键 词：地震波 衰减 振幅 烃类检测 油气勘探 油气藏 

分 类 号：P618.130.8[天文地球—矿床学]