寒地水稻机械化秸秆直接还田技术的研究  

Study on the Technology of Mechanical Crush-up of Rice Stalks for Direct Returning to Farmland in Cold Region

作　　者：邹德堂[1] 解保胜 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]农垦科学院水稻所,黑龙江佳木斯154025

出　　处：《农机化研究》2008年第7期227-229,共3页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目(2004BA907A27);黑龙江省博士后资金资助项目(2003-2007)

摘　　要：针对黑龙江省水稻种植面积不断扩大、稻田养分严重亏缺的问题,研究了水稻秸秆直接还田适宜量、适宜时间,明确了化肥施用方法及土壤理化性状改善程度与节肥效果,并研究了机械还田的具体措施,形成了寒地机械化稻草还田培肥地力技术体系。研究结果表明:连续3年稻草还田土壤有机质提高0.2个百分点,增产10%以上,节肥10%～20%,培肥地力、增产、节肥效果非常显著。积极地推广机械化稻草还田培肥地力技术,是促进农田生态环境优良化,使经济与社会可持续发展的重要举措,该项技术市场前景极为广阔。For the problem of the enlarging of rice planting area and the severe deficit of paddy field in Heilongjiang province, the suitable amount and period for rice stalks for direct returning to farmland were studied, fertilizer application methods and the improving degree of soil physical and chemical properties and saving fertilizer effect were determined, and concrete measures of mechanical returning was studied, the technology system of mechanical straw returned field and enrich fertility in cold region was formed. The results as follows ： rice stalks returning for 3 years soil organic matter content increased 0.2% , the yield increased 10% , saving fertilizer 10% -20%, the effect of enriching fertility,increasing yield, saving fertilizer was very remarkable. To spread actively the technology of mechanical straw returned field and enrich fertility was an important method for improving fine ecological environment and making economy and the society to develop sustainably. The market prospect of this technology was very broad.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 水稻机械化 寒地 

分 类 号：S233.71[农业科学—农业机械化工程]