模拟空降坠落性肝脏撞击伤动物模型的建立及伤情评价  

Establishment of experimental animal model of liver impact injury in simulation of parachuter

作　　者：张洪义[1] 孔亚林[1] 何晓军[1] 刘承利[1] 张宏义[1] 张辉[1] 徐新保[1] 赵刚[1] 张希东[1] 肖梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院肝胆外科,北京100036

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2007年第3期181-183,F0003,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：空军后勤部资助项目

摘　　要：目的探讨模拟空降作战中,伞降失败等意外情况下坠落性肝脏撞击伤动物模型的建立方法及其伤情特点。方法采用高空坠落犬撞击地面障碍物,模拟伞降意外中坠落性肝脏撞击伤模型。比较伤前、伤后生命体征变化,检查动物重要脏器的损伤情况并记录肝脏损伤的类型、特点及严重程度等,按照肝脏损伤标准进行定级,同时行组织病理学检查。结果实验犬发生程度不同的肝脏损伤并伴有多发脏器的损伤,损伤程度与动物坠地速度以及地面障碍物的接触面积有关,坠落速度越大、地面障碍物表面积越小,肝脏损伤越重。结论实验动物肝脏撞击伤的病理、类型、伤情与模拟情况接近,该模型具有坠落控制设备操作简便、物理参数容易控制、撞击部位控制精确和重复性好等优点,为研究空降坠落性肝脏撞击伤的病理生理变化提供了良好的动物模型基础。Objective To explore the establishment of experimental animal model of liver impact injury in simulation of the military situation of failed parachuter and its characteristic of trauma. Methods The model of liver impact injury in dogs was established by falling down to a barrier over the ground. The difference of the vital signs before and after being injuried was compared. The trauma of the dog＇s vital organs were examined. The types, characteristic and severity of the liver injuries were also recorded. Then the abbreviated injury scale was used to assess the severity of injury, meanwhile pathologic examinations were done. Results Liver trauma happened to all experimental dogs accompanying with trauma of many organs. The severity was related with the falling velocity and area of the barrier on the ground. The faster the falling velocity and（or） the smaller the area of the barrier, the severer the trauma of the liver. Conclusion The pathology, types and trauma of experimental animal liver injuries are similar to the situation of parachuters. The model has advantages in being operated simply in falling control, controlled easily in physics parameter, and accurate and reliable in impact location. It is a good model for investigating the pathophysiologic characteristic of liver injuries in the situation of parachute campaign.

关 键 词：肝 创伤和损伤 疾病模型 动物 航空 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]