飞行员血小板左旋精氨酸/一氧化氮合酶/一氧化氮通路的变化  

Changes of L-arginine/nitric oxide synthase/NO pathway of platelets in pilots

作　　者：高连如[1] 张宁坤[1] 丁青艾[2] 王志国[1] 罗书海 许如意[1] 陈宇[1] 杨晔[1] 唐朝枢[4] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院心内科 [2]海军后勤部卫生部 [3]解放军91395部队航医室 [4]北京大学医学部生理学和病理生理学系

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2007年第3期196-200,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察飞行员血小板左旋精氨酸(L-Arg)转运动力学,一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性,血浆、血小板一氧化氮(NO)含量,探讨飞行员血小板L-Arg/NOS/NO通路的变化,为早期预防飞行员心血管疾病揭示血管内皮功能变化提供可靠依椐。方法36名健康男性飞行员为飞行员组,17名健康男性地勤人员为对照组,静脉血制备血小板血浆,用放射同位素标记法测定血小板3H-L-Arg转运的动力学特征;测定血小板NO产物-亚硝酸盐(NO2-)量及NOS活性。结果飞行员血小板L-Arg转运功能减低;L-Arg最大转运速率(Vmax,28.24±4.65pmol.108plt-1.min-1)较同期地勤人员(33.22±4.35pmol.108plt-1.min-1)低15.0%(t=2.764,P=0.008);米氏常数(Km)值高7.4%(飞行员31.12±3.97μmol/L,地勤人员28.83±2.77μmol/L,t=2.922,P=0.005);血浆NO2-(飞行员组46.5±3.0μmol/L,地勤人员组59.7±8.5μmol/L)及血小板NO2-(飞行员组5.5±0.4μmol/108plt,地勤人员组6.9±0.7μmol/108plt)水平分别较地勤人员组减少22.1%、20.3%(t=1.794,P=0.040;t=1.838,P=0.036),NOS活性较地勤人员组有增加趋势但未构成统计学差异。结论由于特殊的工作环境与条件,飞行员存在血小板L-Arg/NOS/NO系统功能异常,NOS活性倾向代偿性增强,但L-Arg转运受损使血浆及血小板NO生成仍减少,表明健康飞行员已存在血管内皮功能受损征象。Objective The endothelium plays a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis of the hlood vessels. Nitric oxide （NO） is the key endothelium-derived relaxing factor, which is produced from L-arginine（L-Arg）/NO synthase （NOS）/NO pathway. So in this study, we want to observe the changes of L-arginine/NOS/NO pathway of platelets, and investigate endothelial function in order to prevent cardiovascular disease at early stage in pilots. Methods Thlrty-six health pilots, 17 match health ground personnel （control group） served as the subjects. ^3H-L-Arg transport, the NO production, and NOS activity in platelets were measured. Results In pilots group, the ability of L-Arg transport in platelets was lower than that in control group; maximum transport velocity （Vmax） lower 15.0% （t=2. 764,P=0. 008） than that in control group; michaelis comstant （Km） higher 7.4%（t=2. 922,P=0. 005） than that in control group; the production of NO in plasma and platelets was obviously lower than that in control group; the activity of NOS in platelets increased but had no statistic significance. Conclusion An abnormal function in L-Arg/NOS/NO pathway was found in pilots because of special work environment and condition. The decrease of nitric oxide generation might result from L-Arg transport injury, while the activity of NOS in platelets was little enhanced for hypoxia compensation. The detection of the alteration of endogenous L-Arg/NOS/NO pathway in platelets might act as an indirect method to assess the endothelial dysfunction involving the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in pilots at early stage.

关 键 词：血小板 左旋精氨酸 一氧化氮合酶 一氧化氮 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]