采矿环境再造连续开采地压演化过程的控制与仿真  

Control and simulation of ground pressure evolutional process based on reconstructed mining environment and continuous caving method

作　　者：周科平[1] 朱和玲[1] 肖雄[1] 陈庆发[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南省深部金属矿产开发与灾害控制重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第3期417-422,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAB02A02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50490274);国家教育部博士点基金资助项目(20050533035)

摘　　要：针对传统采矿方法回采缓倾斜中厚矿体时存在的诸如地压控制和采场矿石运搬等方面的困难,提出采矿环境再造连续开采采矿方案。运用三维有限差分程序FLAC3D对回采过程中的地压演化规律进行模拟研究,得出各采场应力场和位移场的分布和变化规律,优化采矿工程结构参数和回采顺序,提出切实可行的地压控制措施。研究结果表明:随着开挖逐步推进,围岩位移不断增大,应力集中现象明显,最大压应力达54 MPa,最大拉应力达3.9 MPa,接近围岩的极限强度;在尾砂回填后,底鼓量下降5 mm,最大压应力降至32 MPa,表明应力场和位移场均得到改善,能确保回采期间采场的稳定。Aiming at a series of challenges such as stress control and ore removal, the reconstructed mining environment and continuous caving method was proposed to exploit the slightly inclined medium size deposits using the traditional mining methods. In order to get the distribution and variation rules of both stress and displacement fields, a calculation model of figures was built up by FLAC^3D to simulate ground pressure evolutional process. The stope structural parameters and milling sequence were optimized, and the practical and feasible control technologies were proposed. The results show that the concentration of displacement and stress in surrounding rock intensifies with the increase of excavation steps. The maximum compression and tension stress reach 54 MPa and 3.9 MPa, which are close to the peak strength of surrounding rock. When the tailings are backfilled, the magnitude of floor heaves reduces about by 5 mm, and the maximum compressive stress drops to 32 MPa. Distribution of both stress and displacement fields are improved and the stability of stopes can be ensured during the mining process.

关 键 词：缓倾斜中厚矿体 数值模拟 地压 演化规律 

分 类 号：TD853.399[矿业工程—金属矿开采]