中国2006年和1987年人群肢体残疾患病率分析  

Comparison of prevalence of physical disabilities in year 2006 and 1987,in China

作　　者：栾承[1] 刘民[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,100083

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2008年第7期639-642,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：第二次全国残疾人抽样调查国家级课题资助项目.感谢第二次全国残疾人抽样调查办公室给予本课题的资助,感谢中国残疾人联合会和第二次全国残疾人抽样调查领导小组的领导及工作人员对本课题的支持和协助,感谢北京大学人口研究所郑晓瑛教授和陈功副教授对本课题的指导

摘　　要：目的 了解中国肢体残疾人群现状及近20年来该人群流行病学特征的改变。方法 对1987年和2006年两次全国残疾人抽样调查结果中肢体残疾调查数据进行现状描述及流行病学特征分析和比较。结果 2006年中国肢体残疾人比1987年增加约1657万人，肢体残疾现患率上升了1．42％。两次抽样调查结果均以轻度肢体残疾人所占比例最大。1987年西藏自治区肢体残疾现患率最高（3．76％），广东省最低（0．64％）；2006年北京市肢体残疾现患率最高（3．20％），浙江省最低（1．74％）。除西藏自治区肢体残疾现患率下降外，全国肢体残疾现患率均有不同程度的增加，以内蒙古自治区增幅最大。农村人群肢体残疾现患率显著上升，已超过城市。男性肢体残疾现患率仍然高于女性。肢体残疾的年龄别现患率随着年龄增加而增加的趋势没有改变，但不同年龄人群肢体残疾现患率变化差异很大，0～14岁人群肢体残疾现患率仅增加了0．10％，而65岁及以上老年肢体残疾人的现患率却比1987年增加5．35％。结论 20年来中国肢体残疾人口总量增加，现患率上升；华北、东北地区是肢体残疾预防的重点地区；农村人口、男性以及老年人群是肢体残疾预防的重点。Objective To understand the present situation and the changes of epidemiological characteristics of people with physical disabilities during the past 20 years in China. Methods Data regarding physical disability from China National Sample Survey on Disability in 1987 and 2006 were collected and analyzed as well as compared with different epidemiological methods. Results In China,it was estimated that the overall prevalence of physical disabilities （PD） was 1.42 % and there was an increase of 16.57 million people with PD for the past 20 years. In 1987 ,mild extremities took the largest proportion among all the people with PD, so as in 2006. The prevalence of PD was 3.76% in Tibet Autonomous Region which was also the highest in the country while Guangdong province had the lowest -- 0.64 % in 1987.However, in 2006, Beijing had the highest prevalence of 3.20%, and the Zhejiang province the lowest- 1.74%. PD prevalence increased in almost all China except Tibet Autonomous Region while Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region had the largest increase. The prevalence of PD showed an obvious increase in the rural areas exceeding the urban areas. The prevalence of PD in males was higher than in females. The trend that the increase of age-specific physical disability prevalence parallel to the increase of age,had not changed during the past 20 years. However the prevalence of different age groups with PD distinctly did change. The prevalence of PD in 0-14 of age only increased 0.10% while the prevalence in 65 year olds and over had increased 5.35 % during the past 20 years. Conclusion During the past 20 years, the total number of people with physically disabled had increased in China. Factors as living in the North and Northeastern parts of the country or in the rural areas, being males and elderly, had become the highrisk populations.

关 键 词：肢体残疾 现患率 流行病学特征 残疾人抽样调查 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]